Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2010

The Annual Energy Outlook 2011 (AEO2011) Reference case released yesterday by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) more than doubles the technically recoverable US shale gas resources assumed in AEO2010 and added new shale oil resources. —EIA Administrator Richard Newell. quadrillion Btu in 2009 to 3.1

Gas 199

Gas 2011 Price Energy 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 22, 2013

The authors presented three process models for production of renewable aviation fuel from microalgae, Pongamia pinnata seeds and sugarcane molasses to produce a minimum selling price for aviation biofuel. Pongamia pinnata is a legume tree which produces a seed rich in oil.) Klein-Marcuschamer, D., Dietzgen, R. Heimann, K.,

Renewable 186

Renewable Fuel Australia Oil 186

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 9, 2010

At the current pace of research and development, replacing gasoline and diesel with renewable fuel alternatives could take some 131 years, according to a new University of California, Davis, study using a new sustainability forecasting approach based on market expectations. The forecast was published online 8 Nov.

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Davis Renewable Gasoline Market 300

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 17, 2015

The cost of generating power from renewable energy sources has reached parity or dropped below the cost of fossil fuels for many technologies in many parts of the world, according to a new report released by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). Average expected production was to be 174 MW. Source: IRENA.

Renewable 150

Renewable Parts Power Powered 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 2, 2019

The low levels in discoveries come as a result of a pullback during the past 10 years in the wildcat drilling that targets conventional oil and gas plays—most drastically after oil prices collapsed in 2014. IHS Markit sees other confounding issues that could continue to suppress the discovery of conventional resources.

Oil 199

Oil Gas Oil Prices Water 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 30, 2019

ExxonMobil expects to increase annual earnings potential by more than 140% and double potential annual cash flow from operations by 2025 from 2017 adjusted earnings, assuming a 2017 oil price of $60 per barrel adjusted for inflation and based on 2017 margins. billion barrels of discovered recoverable resource.

Papua New Guinea 191

Papua New Guinea Emissions Carbon Guyana 191

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2012

Two professors from MIT and UC Davis have released a paper challenging the recent claims by the Renewable Fuel Association (RFA) and US Secretary of Agriculture Vilsack that ethanol production decreased gasoline prices by $0.89 t margin for oil refiners. Source: Knittel and Smith (2012). Click to enlarge.

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Davis MIT Gasoline 2010 334

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2015

The Annual Energy Outlook 2015 (AEO2015) released today by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) projects that US energy imports and exports will come into balance—a first since the 1950s—because of continued oil and natural gas production growth and slow growth in energy demand. With greater U.S. With greater U.S.

2020 150

2020 Energy Transportation Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 25, 2013

Renewable energy and nuclear power are the world’s fastest-growing energy sources, each increasing 2.5% With prices expected to increase in the long term, however, the world oil price in real 2011 dollars reaches $106 per barrel in 2020 and $163 per barrel in 2040, according to IEO2013. million barrels per day.

2010 317

2010 Transportation Fuel Energy 317

Green Car Congress

APRIL 28, 2014

CSIRO notes that the idea of using a coal engine to generate electricity is not new; it was successfully investigated in the US some 20 years ago for use in diesel locomotives before development was terminated by persistently low oil prices. —CSIRO Energy Group Executive, Dr. Alex Wonhas. DICE development network.

Coal 257

Coal Carbon Engine Emissions 257

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2012

EIA’s AEO2012 projects a continued decline in US imports of liquid fuels due to increased production of gas liquids and biofuels and greater fuel efficiency. It also assumed implementation of existing regulations that enable the building of new energy infrastructure and resource extraction. Source: EIA. Click to enlarge.

Oil 210

Oil 2005 Production 2010 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2013

The differences from AEO2013 to AEO2014 result from different fuel prices, updated manufacturer product offerings, changing technology attributes, and an updated view of consumer perceptions of infrastructure availability for E85 vehicles. Tcf in 2040, as more demand is met by domestic production. quadrillion Btu in 2012 to 7.5

Oil 290

Oil Light Energy Vehicles 290

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 20, 2011

World oil prices remain high in the IEO2011 Reference case, but oil consumption continues to grow; both conventional and unconventional liquid supplies are used to meet rising demand. In the IEO2011 Reference case the price of light sweet crude oil (in real 2009 dollars) remains high, reaching $125 per barrel in 2035.

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Oil-Sands Oil 2008 Oil Prices 220

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 6, 2014

The Sandia researchers showed that the key to meeting the RFS2 targets is the fuel price differential between E85 fuel and conventional gasoline (low ethanol blends), so that E85 owners refuel with E85 whenever possible. The model has four sub-components: vehicle, fuel production, electricity grid; and energy supply. Barter, Dawn K.

Oil Prices 246

Oil Prices Gasoline-Electric Gasoline Oil 246

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 13, 2017

GE Aviation has begun jet engine combustor component testing with 100% Gevo renewable alcohol-to-jet fuel (ATJ). Specifically, this testing is designed to enable the greater displacement of petroleum-based jet fuel by bio-based alternative products. Earlier post.). Patrick Gruber, Gevo’s CEO.

Fuel 170

Fuel Oil Prices Oil Emissions 170

Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2010

and Genencor, a division of Danisco A/S, have established a research collaboration to develop an integrated fermentation, recovery and purification system for producing BioIsoprene from renewable raw materials for use in tires. Worldwide production of high purity isoprene derived today from petroleum-based feedstocks totals about 1.7

Manufacturer 249

Manufacturer Convert Renewable Polymer 249

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

The oil price shocks of the 1970s led the Brazilian government to address the strain high prices were placing on its fragile economy. Brazil, the largest and most populous country in South America, was importing 80% of its oil and 40% of its foreign exchange was used to pay for that imported oil. by Brian J.

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

JULY 4, 2013

Summary of levelized production cost estimates of fuel (LCOF) for the examined plant designs. The horizontal red lines show the comparable price of gasoline (before tax, refining margin 0.3 $/gal, exchange rate: 1 € = 1.326 $) with crude oil prices 100 $/bbl and 150 $/bbl. Source: VTT. 0.7 €/liter (app. 0.7 €/liter (app.

Carbon 218

Carbon Fuel Finland Gasoline 218

Green Car Congress

JULY 20, 2012

CO 2 per capita emissions from fossil fuel use and cement production from the top 5 emitting regions. savings stimulated by high oil prices led to a decrease of 3% in CO 2 emissions in the European Union and of 2% in both the United States and Japan. Click to enlarge. Weak economic conditions, a mild winter, and energy.

2011 236

2011 Emissions CO2 Global 236

Green Car Congress

JUNE 20, 2012

Bartis and RAND colleague Lawrence van Bibbe were the authors of a 2011 RAND report concluding that if the US military increased its use of alternative jet and naval fuels that can be produced from coal or various renewable resources, including seed oils, waste oils and algae, there would be no direct benefit to the nation’s armed forces.

Price 225

Price Oil-Sands Turkey Fuel 225

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2012

The US Energy Information Administration released its Annual Energy Outlook 2013 (AEO2013) Reference case (the Early Release ), which highlights a growth in total US energy production that exceeds growth in total US energy consumption through 2040. Domestic oil production will rise to 7.5 Overall findings. than in AEO2012.

Fuel 225

Fuel Energy Sale 2013 225

Green Car Congress

MAY 11, 2010

TGC produces hydrogen along with synthetic natural gas and delivers it in its utility gas stream, with more than 5% hydrogen content today; it has the capability of producing more H 2 through its renewable biogas initiative. Fuel prices are among the highest in the US. TGC H 2 Production. Hawaii imports most of its energy.

Hawaii 225

Hawaii Hydrogen GM Gas 225

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 22, 2013

The Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) in the U.S. In addition, the industry faces barriers from the impending “blend wall” of 10% ethanol in gasoline and uncertainty regarding policies and oil prices. The authors used Amyris, Gevo, Green Plains Renewable Energy, KiOR, Lignol Energy Corp., —Miller et al.

Tax 262

Tax Tax Credit Industrial Industry 262

Green Car Congress

MAY 27, 2009

World oil prices have fallen sharply from their July 2008 high mark. As the world’s economies recover, higher world oil prices are assumed to return and to persist through 2030. In the IEO2009 reference case, world oil prices rise to $110 per barrel in 2015 (in real 2007 dollars) and $130 per barrel in 2030.

2006 150

2006 Emissions Energy Oil-Sands 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 25, 2009

The focus of the work was on alternative jet fuels that could be available commercially in the next decade using primarily North American resources. Production of commercial quantities of HRJ depends on the availability of appropriate feedstocks at competitive prices. million bpd.

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MIT Oil-Sands Commercial Available 250

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 10, 2009

Among the study’s findings is that the capex required for developing 60 billion gallons of cellulosic ethanol is equivalent to or less than that required for new long-term petroleum production. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to determine key parameters affecting production volumes, cost, and greenhouse gas savings. Source: Sandia.

GM 170

GM Production Conversion Oil Prices 170

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2011

In the absence of major technological innovations or policy changes, the United States is unlikely to meet cellulosic biofuel mandates under the current Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) by 2022, according to a new report from the National Research Council. However, whether and how the mandate for cellulosic biofuels will be met is uncertain.

Renewable 252

Renewable Tax Credit Conversion Standards 252

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2016

A new study by consultancy Roland Berger defines an integrated roadmap for European road transport decarbonization to 2030 and beyond; the current regulatory framework for vehicle emissions, carbon intensity of fuels and use of renewable fuels covers only up to 2020/2021. BEVs fueled with low carbon, renewable electricity (for PC).

Transportation 150

Transportation Emissions Fuel Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2017

A University of Washington team is trying to make poplar an economically viable biofuel feedstock by testing the production of younger poplar trees that could be harvested more frequently—after only two or three years—instead of the usual 10- to 20-year cycle. That’s the problem. Chang Dou, Devin S. Chandler, Fernando L.

Washington 150

Washington Cheap Oil Universal 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 19, 2010

The Obama Administration’s recent extension of the offshore oil-drilling moratorium through 2011 has also renewed investor interest in on-shore oil reserves. More than 25 companies are involved in oil shale development. Oil shale production requires 1.5 Earlier post.).

Coal 210

Coal Oil Water Oil Prices 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2010

Other findings from the study include: Ethanol policy can have a substantial impact on corn prices. However, production costs of US corn-ethanol are very high. The gap between the intercept of the ethanol supply curve and the oil price creates large deadweight costs that may overwhelm any external benefits.

Tax 210

Tax CO2 Renewable Standards 210

Green Car Congress

MARCH 26, 2010

In 2009, the European Union adopted the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) which included a 10% target for the use of renewable energy in road transport fuels by 2020. Renewable energy options for road transport included first- and second-generation biofuels and electricity. The other three studies are still underway. Background.

Transportation 210

Transportation Emissions Fuel 2020 210

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 27, 2011

produced more detailed analyses, but none combines the sectoral granularity, physical and resource constraints, and geographic scale needed for developing realistic technology and policy roadmaps. forecasts of population and gross state product, combined. rather than relative prices of technology, energy, or carbon as.

Climate 262

Climate California Fuel Gas-Electric 262

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 12, 2012

barely rises in OECD countries, although there is a pronounced shift away from oil, coal (and, in some countries, nuclear) towards natural gas and renewables. by subsidies that amounted to $523 billion in 2011, up almost 30% on 2010 and six times more than subsidies to renewables. Renewables. Energy demand.

Global 225

Global 2012 Energy Oil 225

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 3, 2010

These charges echo those in a complaint against the LCFS filed by two ethanol trade groups—the Renewable Fuels Association (RFA) and Growth Energy—in December 2009. 1492, and the federal Renewable Fuels Standard. Earlier post.). 109-58, 119 Stat. 594, the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) §§ 201 et seq.,

California 199

California Oil-Sands Oil 2005 199

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 29, 2014

DNV and GL merged in September 2013 to form DNV GL—the world’s largest ship and offshore classification society, the leading technical advisor to the global oil and gas industry, and a leading expert for the energy value chain including renewables and energy efficiency. Ship electrification and renewables.

Alternative Fuels 231

Alternative Fuels Fuel Gas-Electric Mariner 231

Green Car Congress

MAY 24, 2009

A new report from the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR)— The Canadian Oil Sands: Energy Security vs Climate Change — claims that prudent greenhouse gas regulations can limit emissions from Canadian oil sands while still enabling robust development of the energy resource.

Oil-Sands 150

Oil-Sands Climate Change Oil Climate 150