Green Car Congress

JULY 24, 2009

A plot from the TIAX study of the ranges of well-to-wheel emissions for different types of crudes in different refinery areas in the US for gasoline production. The two studies represent the first detailed and more granular comparison of domestic, imported and oil sands crude processes in US refineries. Click to enlarge.

Oil-Sands 150

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Range 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2012

An analysis of the US refining sector, based on linear programming (LP) modeling, finds that refining plausibly high volumes of Canadian oil sands crudes in US refineries in 2025 would lead to a modest increase in refinery CO 2 emissions (ranging between 5.4% to 9.3%) from a 2010 baseline, depending upon the supply scenario.

Oil-Sands 247

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions CO2 247

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 23, 2009

Consumptive freshwater use for ethanol and petroleum gasoline production. In many cases, the Argonne team noted, crude oil production is increasingly water dependent. Competing uses strain available water resources and raise the specter of resource depletion and environmental degradation. Data: Wu, ANL/ESD/09-1.

Water 292

Water Gasoline Oil-Sands Production 292

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2014

The study was commissioned by the European Oilseed Alliance (EOA), the European Biodiesel Board (EBB) and the European Vegetable Oil and Proteinmeal Industry (FEDIOL). In addition, they argue, biofuels should not just be compared to the average performance of gasoline or diesel but with the fossil fuels they most likely replace—i.e.

Oil-Sands 236

Oil-Sands Oil 2014 Fuel 236

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2013

The US Department of State (DOS) has released its Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS) in response to TransCanada’s May 2012 application for the Keystone XL pipeline that would run from Canada’s oils sands in Alberta to Nebraska. The pipeline would primarily transport crude oil from the WCSB and Bakken regions.

Climate Change 250

Climate Change Oil-Sands Nebraska Climate 250

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 26, 2011

Comparison of the percent differential for WTW (well-to-wheel) GHGs from gasoline produced from WCSB oil sands using different production processes relative to gasoline produced from reference crudes. The proposed Project is not likely to impact the amount of crude oil produced from the oil sands.

Oil-Sands 253

Oil-Sands Emissions Oil Oklahoma 253

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Researchers from the University of Minnesota have produced a spatially and temporally explicit life cycle inventory (LCI) of air pollutants from gasoline, ethanol derived from corn grain, and ethanol from corn stover for the contiguous US (the lower 48 states). Pollutant emissions from the gasoline life cycle do not vary appreciably by month.

Gasoline 236

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution 236

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 1, 2014

Incremental well-to-wheels GHG emissions from WCSB Oil Sands Crudes Compared to Well-to-Wheels GHG Emissions from Displacing Reference Crudes Click to enlarge. Domestic production of crude oil has increased significantly, from approximately 5.5 That portion of the pipeline has already been built. million bpd in 2010 to 6.5

Oil-Sands 220

Oil-Sands Nebraska Oil Montana 220

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2016

for the production of renewable fuel oil (RFO) from forest residues. million gallons US) of renewable fuel oil per year. Production of renewable fuel oil is set to begin in 2017. The RTP pyrolysis process is based on the application of a hot “transported” bed (typically sand) that is circulating between two key vessels.

Canada 150

Canada Oil-Sands Oil Renewable 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 9, 2012

Comparison of GHGenius, JACOBS, TIAX, and the new PRELIM gasoline greenhouse gas (GHG) estimates using base case estimates and variations from the scenario analysis. The configurations are differentiated by the presence of gas oil hydrocracking; fluid catalytic cracking (FCC); delayed coking; and residual hydrocracking.

Oil-Sands 236

Oil-Sands Emissions Oil Hydrogen 236

Green Car Congress

APRIL 28, 2011

Water is required for crude oil recovery by water flooding, enhanced oil recovery via steam injection, and steam extraction of bitumen from oil sands and during refining of crude oil to produce gasoline. Comparison with fossil fuels. and from 0.29 L/VKT, respectively. and from 0.29 L/VKT, respectively.

Water 199

Water Davis Oil-Sands Nebraska 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 26, 2010

However, the organizations point out in their letter , in developing a methodology for calculating emissions from fuel, the Commission has proposed setting just one default emissions value for oil-derived gasoline and one for diesel. Letter to Commissioner Hedegaard.

Oil-Sands 199

Oil-Sands Fuel Canada Sierra 199

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 18, 2011

Gasoline section shows results for fuel derived from both conventional oil and oil sands. The development of this resource has generated interest in expanding NG usage in areas such as electricity generation and transportation. Expansion bars show the components of fuel production. Credit: ACS, Burnham et al.

Gas 284

Gas Coal Emissions Gasoline 284

Green Car Congress

JULY 19, 2012

Very broadly, they found that an LCFS would buffer the economy against global oil price spikes, trim demand for petroleum, and lessen upward pressure on gas prices. Set a target of reducing the carbon intensity of gasoline and diesel by 10 to 15 percent by 2030. Create separate fuel pools for gasoline and diesel.

Carbon 247

Carbon Oil-Sands Standards Design 247

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2013

China will see the largest increase—more than 4 million oil-equivalent barrels per day. ExxonMobil projects global demand for gasoline (including ethanol) to be relatively flat from 2010 to 2040, largely because cars and other light-duty vehicles will become much more efficient. Transportation fuels. Source: ExxonMobil.

Oil-Sands 309

Oil-Sands Energy Hybrid Sale 309

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 11, 2011

While oil will remain the most widely used fuel, overall energy demand will be reshaped by a continued shift toward less-carbon-intensive energy source as well as steep improvements in energy efficiency in areas such as transportation, where the expanded use of advanced and hybrid vehicles will help push average new-car fuel economy to 48 mpg (4.9

Personal 408

Personal Global Transportation Fuel 408

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2009

The Coskata process can produce more than 100 gallons of ethanol per ton of dry, ash-free biomass material at a cost competitive with expected gasoline prices—around $1.00 times more energy positive compared to conventional gasoline, according to an evaluation by Dr. Michael Wang at Argonne National Laboratory. Resources.

Commercial 150

Commercial Oil-Sands Water Gasoline 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 19, 2014

turbo, three-cylinder gasoline engine will debut in the Opel ADAM and make as much power as the naturally aspirated 1.6L The new Ecotec engines represent a clean-sheet design and engineering process, leveraging the diverse experience of GM’s global resources. A die-cast aluminum oil pan contributes additional structural strength.

Engine 261

Engine GM Oil-Sands Oil 261

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2011

Transportation consumes more than half of the oil used world-wide, and contributes roughly 25% of energy-related CO 2 emissions. As the resource base of transportation fuels diversifies, GHG emissions partially decouple from the end-of-pipe energy content of fuels. —Creutzig et al. —Creutzig et al. Creutzig, F.,

Transportation 225

Transportation Emissions Carbon Standards 225

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2010

In a pre-response to that speech, having successfully advocated for plug-in hybrids like the forthcoming Chevy Volt, we propose that the President follow that speech up with a “realistic and conservative” roadmap to halve our oil use in 10 years. Oil is holding us all hostage, economically and physically. Finally, it’s time to begin.

Oil 252

Oil Conversion 2020 Oil-Sands 252

Green Car Congress

MARCH 14, 2011

Rather than relying as extensively on oil as the source of energy to power vehicles—most of it imported to the United States and Europe from other countries—we will use increasing amounts of ethanol and other potentially renewable fuels as well as electricity. Thomas Cackette, California Air Resources Board.

Fuel 170

Fuel Vehicles Emissions Oil-Sands 170

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2009

A new report from the National Research Council examines and, when possible, estimates, “hidden” costs of energy production and use—such as the damage air pollution imposes on human health—that are not reflected in market prices of coal, oil, other energy sources, or the electricity and gasoline produced from them. cents to about 1.7

2005 246

2005 Cost Of Energy Coal 246

Plug In Partners

APRIL 2, 2008

Water Supply, Researcher Says By Jennifer Bogo Popular Mechanics March 7, 2008 "A 30-mile commute in a gasoline-powered car would require the withdrawal of 18.9 All told, electric miles necessitate threefold the water consumption and 17 times the water withdrawal of gasoline miles. And what about the water used to refine gasoline?

Water 100

Water PHEV Saudi Arabia Oil-Sands 100

Creative Greenius

SEPTEMBER 23, 2015

You’ll have free fuel for life for your new clean burning electric car, you’ll end your dependence on gasoline of any kind and you’ll stop pumping more C02 into the atmosphere. You’ll also be finished forever with things like oil changes, tune ups, new air filters and the other maintenance that isn’t necessary with electric cars.

2008 150

2008 Climate Change Climate Oil-Sands 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 17, 2011

million barrels per day of gasoline, jet fuel, diesel, natural gas liquids and crude oil through more than 8,000 miles of pipelines. Carbon dioxide is used in enhanced oil recovery projects. Second largest oil producer in Texas, producing more than 50,000 barrels per day. billion cubic feet per day. and Washington state.

El Paso 225

El Paso North America Gas Purchase 225

Creative Greenius

OCTOBER 15, 2009

You’ll have free fuel for life for your new clean burning electric car, you’ll end your dependence on gasoline of any kind and you’ll stop pumping more C02 into the atmosphere. You’ll also be finished forever with things like oil changes, tune ups, new air filters and the other maintenance that isn’t necessary with electric cars.

Climate Change 186

Climate Change Climate 2008 Carbon 186

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

Sign Up for the Green Options Newsletter Follow us on Twitter Subscribe via email Resources Write for Gas 2.0 digs into the viscous world of biofuels and the fast-paced transit arena, exploring the technologies and substances that are the future of transportation. Subscribe Subscribe via RSS What is RSS? About Gas 2.0 on It’s On!

Gas-Electric 66

Gas-Electric Standards Plug Gas 66

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 28, 2009

It is reminiscent of the early 1900’s, when steam, electric, diesel, biomass, and gasoline power options competed on a level playing field for consumers’ attention. In the end, gasoline won out because it was the cheapest and delivered the most energy per unit, but it took 20 years to sort out.

Manufacturer 34

Manufacturer Electric Cars Cars i-MiEV 34

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 16, 2009

Annual use of an EV should be less than the average cost of $8,000 per year for using a gasoline in many countries including the USA. Millions of EVs and PHEVs would expand the sale of electricity as an alternative to oil. No more Big OIL - think of the extra money stimulating the economy! Then we are done! No more big energy!!

Grid 28

Grid Electric Vehicles Vehicles Oil-Sands 28

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

Sign Up for the Green Options Newsletter Follow us on Twitter Subscribe via email Resources Write for Gas 2.0 digs into the viscous world of biofuels and the fast-paced transit arena, exploring the technologies and substances that are the future of transportation. Subscribe Subscribe via RSS What is RSS? About Gas 2.0 on It’s On!

MIT 45

MIT Gas-Electric Gas Electric Cars 45