Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 8, 2013

Increasingly efficient conventional combustion-engine vehicles will be key in moving towards a low carbon future, according to the GFEI. Far better fuel economy from cost-effective conventional technologies can keep fuel demand steady and save close to half the CO 2 emissions from cars by this date. —GFEI working paper.

Fuel Economy 225

Fuel Economy Economy Plug-in Plug 225

Green Car Congress

JULY 23, 2018

The researchers found that focusing on the behavioral aspects of consumers in vehicle purchase decisions is key to encouraging the rapid uptake of plug-in hybrid vehicles, battery-electric vehicles, and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. They modeled two different future scenarios for alternative-fuel vehicle policy worldwide to 2050.

Carbon 231

Carbon Market Alternative Fuels Vehicles 231

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2012

The nonpartisan US Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that federal policies to promote the manufacture and purchase of electric vehicles, some of which also support other types of fuel-efficient vehicles, will have a total budgetary cost of about $7.5 billion through 2019.

Tax Credit 252

Tax Credit Gasoline Tax Gasoline-Electric 252

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 30, 2018

It also reviews policies and implications that could affect future market growth. Based on 12,330 miles driven per year, the pure battery electric Nissan Leaf has lower five-year and 10-year life cycle costs than the internal combustion Hyundai Elantra and the plug-in hybrid Chevrolet Volt, even without the federal government incentive.

California 199

California 2017 2016 Los Angeles 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 12, 2012

A detailed survey of these technologies, their likely future techno-economic characteristics, and the uncertainty involved was carried out by the Technology Opportunities and Strategies toward Climate-friendly Transport (TOSCA) project. R&D plus fuel cell electric vehicle subsidy. 17% (plug-in hybrid electric vehicles) and 12?17%

Transportation 199

Transportation Europe Climate Change Emissions 199

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2014

In addition, although many experts say that the solution to our energy and climate problems is sending the correct price signals to industry and consumers, the transport sector’s behavior is highly inelastic in that it does not change significantly in response to changes in fuel prices, at least in the range that is politically acceptable.

2018 257

2018 California 2012 Plug-in 257

Green Car Congress

JULY 1, 2013

As the standards’ stringency increases, so does the need for an effective combination of both fuel and vehicle standards, based on well-to- wheel emissions. Setting clear standards for vehicle efficiency and fuels allow manufacturers of cars and other vehicles to anticipate the direction of future standards.

Emissions 210

Emissions Transportation Standards Climate Change 210