Downsizing, Resource and Reviews

Cummins progressing with lightweight downsized T2B2 diesel for pickup; 40% improvement in fuel economy over gasoline V8

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2014

At the US Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Annual Merit Review meeting in Washington, DC last week, Michael Ruth from Cummins noted that the DOE program target for the project is a fuel economy (CAFE) target of 26 mpg (9.05 Resources (DOE will publish Merit Review presentations on its website.). Earlier post.). Weigert, E.,

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Gasoline Downsizing

Team from GM, Ford, FCA reviews how to calculate engine efficiency benefits of high octane fuels

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2015

A team of engineers from GM Powertrain, Ford and FCA have published a detailed review of how to estimate the engine efficiency benefits of higher octane fuel—e.g., fuel with higher ethanol content—for part- and full-load operation for different engine types and fuel assumptions. In their study, Leone et al.

Engine

Engine Fuel GM Ford

Review of research suggests inconclusive support for fuel consumption benefits of catalyzed EGR

Green Car Congress

MAY 18, 2015

Conflicting evidence does not support making a firm conclusion on the fuel consumption benefit of catalysed Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR), according to a review of current studies by a team at the University of Bath (UK). According to the review, the conversion of HCs, CO, and NO in the exhaust gas by the catalyst can result in up to a 4.5%

Fuel

Fuel Exhaust Gas Engine

Ricardo’s “deep” Miller cycle concept: Magma

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 1, 2016

In its new report on downsized and boosted gasoline engine technologies ( earlier post ) the ICCT highlighted Ricardo’s work on an “extreme” Miller cycle concept with high (13:1) compression ratio (CR) and central direct injection in a downsized boosted engine. Resources. Ricardo continues to develop the concept.

Concept

Concept Downsizing 2016 Congress

Volkswagen Group to begin equipping TSI and TFSI engines with gasoline particulate filters from June 2017

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2016

Although gasoline direct injection (GDI) enables downsizing with its increased power and lower fuel consumption, it also results in higher particulate emissions. 2016) “Vehicular Emissions in Review,” SAE Int. This will reduce particulate emissions from the direct injection gasoline engines by up to 90%. Johnson, T.,

Gasoline

Gasoline 2017 Engine Mercedes

Center for Automotive Research calls long-run economic risk to auto industry of mandating permanent fuel economy standards very serious; recommends periodic reviews

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2011

Based on the results of the study, CAR believes the economic risk to the auto industry connected to mandating permanent fuel economy standards in the long run is “ very serious ” The group recommends periodic review to assess the rate of technology development and cost reduction of advanced technologies leading up to 2025.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Auto Industry Standards

GM, Ford R&D execs stress importance of improved, advanced fuels for future engine efficiency gains, GHG goals

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2017

According to Brooks, among the technologies GM is looking to in the gasoline engine area are: Continued aggressive downsizing. Chris Gearhar (2016) “Implications of sustainability for the United States light-duty transportation sector” MRS Energy & Sustainability: A Review Journal doi: 10.1557/mre.2016.8.

GM

GM Engine Future Fuel

Ford / AVL study concludes mid-level ethanol blend attractive as a long-term future fuel for use in optimized engines in US

Green Car Congress

APRIL 19, 2013

Review of ethanol properties. In their paper, Robert Stein from AVL and James Anderson and Tim Wallington from Ford begin by reviewing properties of ethanol and gasoline blends. Downsizing/downspeeding. Earlier post.). These include: Lower energy content than that of gasoline. benefits for CO 2 relative to E10, but 2.8%

Engine

Engine Fuel Ford Future

McMaster team reviews progress on hybrid-specific engine technologies

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 31, 2021

A team from McMaster University in Canada has published a comprehensive review of recent progress in low-temperature combustion (LTC), alternative fuels (AF), over-expansion Atkinson cycle, and waste heat recovery (WHR) techniques as applied to hybrid-specific engines. Their open-access paper is published in the journal Energy Reports.

Engine

Engine Hybrid Fuel Economy Alternative Fuels

New 4-cylinder 2.3L EcoBoost on Lincoln MKC small SUV; future EcoBoost prospects

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2013

Weaver (2013) Advanced Gasoline Turbocharged Direct Injection (GTDI) Engine Development (DOE 2013 Merit Review). Engines Fuel Efficiency'

Louisville

Louisville Exhaust Future Fuel Economy

ICCT working paper highlights benefits of current and emerging light-duty diesel technology; “promising pathway for compliance”

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2017

A mid-term review will be conducted this year. The combined National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) / US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) fuel economy and greenhouse gas standards for light duty vehicles require an estimated combined average fuel economy of 34.1 miles per gallon in model year 2016, and 49.1

Diesel

Diesel Light Fuel Economy 2017

MHI completes development of new-generation LNG carrier; reductions in size and weight, with more capacity and 20% lower fuel consumption than conventional ships

Green Car Congress

JULY 13, 2011

Together with downsizing, weight reduction and hull lines improvement, the new ship achieves a substantial 20% reduction in fuel consumption compared to conventional ships. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vol. Technical Review Vol. Technical Review Vol. Technical Review Vol. Source: MHI Tech.

Mitsubishi

Mitsubishi Fuel Mariner Panama

MECA report finds additional NOx emission reductions from new heavy-duty trucks achievable and cost-effective

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2020

Due to the continued exposure of millions of Americans to poor air quality, both the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and California Air Resources Board (CARB) have announced rulemakings focused on revising the heavy-duty truck emission standards, with a particular focus on tighter limits for oxides of nitrogen (NO x ).

Emissions

Emissions Diesel Engine 2010

NRC releases second report on 21st Century Truck Partnership

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 23, 2011

The National Research Council (NRC) last week released a pre-publication version of its second report reviewing the 21 st Century Truck Partnership (21CTP). The Phase 2 review follows on the original NRC Phase 1 review of the Partnership conducted in 2007 and resulting in a report issued in 2008. Background. Earlier post.).

EPA

EPA Fuel Engine Hybrid

Advanced Turbocharged, Direct Injected Gasoline Engines Poised to Take on Diesels in US and in Europe for Reduced Fuel Consumption and Emissions

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 10, 2009

Tom Cackette, Chief Deputy Executive Office of the California Air Resources Board, spent the bulk of his talk during the opening panel discussing the response to climate change, which he called “ the defining environmental challenge of this century. Differentiated Analysis of Downsizing Concepts”). SULEV/Tier 2 Bin 2 is the target.

Gasoline

Gasoline Diesel Engine Emissions

National Research Council Study Finds That Available Technologies Can Result in Significant Fuel Savings for Passenger Vehicles Over the Next 15 Years, But at Higher Purchase Prices for Consumers

Green Car Congress

JUNE 4, 2010

For example, the report notes the promise of cylinder deactivation, turbocharging and downsizing. The committee estimated costs for turbocharging and downsizing to range from close to zero, when converting from a V6 to a four cylinder engine, to almost $1,000 when converting from a V8 to a V6.

Purchase

Purchase Lithium Ion Fuel Available

Daimler Trucks NA SuperTruck achieves 115% freight efficiency improvement over 2009 baseline; 50.2% engine BTE

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2015

It is our expectation that we will continue to review and refine what we’ve learned and achieved over the course of the SuperTruck initiative, and use that knowledge to bolster our leadership in fuel efficiency. The Freightliner SuperTruck uses a downsized and downsped 10.7-liter mpg (19.26 DTNA SuperTruck technology elements.

2009

2009 Engine Detroit Oregon

Lotus Engineering Study Concludes Vehicle Mass Improvement of 38% by 2020 vs a Conventional Current Vehicle Can Be Achieved at Only 3% Cost

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2010

The chassis and suspension components were downsized based on the revised vehicle curb weight, maintaining the baseline carrying capacity and incorporating the mass of the hybrid drive system. The lighting technologies section reviewed included diodes, xenon and halogen. Overall powertrain system mass was reduced 13.2% from 410.4

2020

2020 Engine Vehicles 2017

Ford moving to vehicle testing with advanced 2.3L MiGTDI engine research project; Tier 3 SULEV30 target with 25% fuel economy improvement

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2014

At the US Department of Energy (DOE) Annual Merit Review in Washington, DC last week, Cory Weaver from Ford Research and Advanced Engineering reported that Ford has completed the planned build of 12 units of the new engine, and is working on vehicle integration for further testing per the project timeline. Earlier post.). Tier 2 Bin 2.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Ford Engine

NRC report finds Federal analysis to set LD CAFE and GHG standards generally of high quality; some technologies and issues should be re-examined

Green Car Congress

JUNE 19, 2015

However, the report authors found, the agencies should re-examine certain issues such as consumer behavior and the effectiveness of certain technologies in an upcoming mid-term review. Beginning in 2016, NHTSA and EPA will coordinate a mid-term review that must be finalized by April 2018. Background. Compression-Ignition Engines.

Standards

Standards Fuel Economy Economy EPA

GMZ-led project tracking to deliver vehicular thermoelectric generators for Bradley Fighting Vehicle, Honda Accord

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 11, 2014

down-speeding, downsized engine, etc.), Martin Cleary (2014) Nanostructured High Temperature Bulk Thermoelectric Energy Conversion for Efficient Waste Heat Recovery, DOE 2014 Annual Merit Review ACE082. Ultimately, GMZ will test the final TEG on the dyno, and integrate it into the vehicle.

Honda

Honda Houston North America Vehicles

Optimized direct-injection hydrogen engine estimated to exceed 2016 CAFE fuel economy targets at Tier 2 Bin 2 emission levels

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 14, 2011

The team sees further potential for fuel economy improvement with engine downsizing. Engine Performance, Efficiency, and Emissions (2011 DOE Merit Review). The H2-DI engine was estimated to exceed 2016 CAFE targets with engine out Tier 2 Bin 2 (SULEV) emission levels. Source: Wallner 2011. Click to enlarge.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy 2016 Hydrogen

NHTSA Modeling and Technology Projections Underlying the Proposed CAFE Target of 34.1 mpg by MY 2016

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2009

In developing technology inputs for MY 2012-2016 standards, NHTSA and EPA reviewed, as requested by President Obama in his January 26 memorandum, the technology assumptions that NHTSA used in setting the MY 2011 standards and the comments that NHTSA received in response to its May 2008 NPRM. Power Split Hybrid: 5% for cars, 2% for trucks.

2016

2016 MPG Fuel Economy EPA

Expert group report finds alternative fuels could replace fossil fuels in Europe by 2050

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 31, 2011

Expected demand from all transport modes could be met through a combination of electricity (batteries or hydrogen/fuel cells) and biofuels as main options, synthetic fuels (increasingly from renewable resources) as a bridging option, methane (natural gas and biomethane) as complementary fuel, and LPG as supplement, the report finds.

Alternative Fuels

Alternative Fuels Fuel Europe Gas-Electric

How Carmakers Are Responding to the Plug-In Hybrid Opportunity

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

Our PRIUS+ Project Photos PHEV Resources Global Warming Take Action News and Events Contact Us How Carmakers are Responding to the Plug-In Hybrid Opportunity If you ask, "have major auto-makers come around on PHEVs?", But we want to give them cause to continue to press forward." ( MIT Technology Review ). Marketwatch ).

Plug-in

Plug-in Plug Hybrid PHEV

EV Driven

Cummins progressing with lightweight downsized T2B2 diesel for pickup; 40% improvement in fuel economy over gasoline V8

Team from GM, Ford, FCA reviews how to calculate engine efficiency benefits of high octane fuels

Review of research suggests inconclusive support for fuel consumption benefits of catalyzed EGR

Ricardo’s “deep” Miller cycle concept: Magma

Volkswagen Group to begin equipping TSI and TFSI engines with gasoline particulate filters from June 2017

Center for Automotive Research calls long-run economic risk to auto industry of mandating permanent fuel economy standards very serious; recommends periodic reviews

GM, Ford R&D execs stress importance of improved, advanced fuels for future engine efficiency gains, GHG goals

Ford / AVL study concludes mid-level ethanol blend attractive as a long-term future fuel for use in optimized engines in US

McMaster team reviews progress on hybrid-specific engine technologies

New 4-cylinder 2.3L EcoBoost on Lincoln MKC small SUV; future EcoBoost prospects

ICCT working paper highlights benefits of current and emerging light-duty diesel technology; “promising pathway for compliance”

MHI completes development of new-generation LNG carrier; reductions in size and weight, with more capacity and 20% lower fuel consumption than conventional ships

MECA report finds additional NOx emission reductions from new heavy-duty trucks achievable and cost-effective

NRC releases second report on 21st Century Truck Partnership

Advanced Turbocharged, Direct Injected Gasoline Engines Poised to Take on Diesels in US and in Europe for Reduced Fuel Consumption and Emissions

National Research Council Study Finds That Available Technologies Can Result in Significant Fuel Savings for Passenger Vehicles Over the Next 15 Years, But at Higher Purchase Prices for Consumers

Daimler Trucks NA SuperTruck achieves 115% freight efficiency improvement over 2009 baseline; 50.2% engine BTE

Lotus Engineering Study Concludes Vehicle Mass Improvement of 38% by 2020 vs a Conventional Current Vehicle Can Be Achieved at Only 3% Cost

Ford moving to vehicle testing with advanced 2.3L MiGTDI engine research project; Tier 3 SULEV30 target with 25% fuel economy improvement

NRC report finds Federal analysis to set LD CAFE and GHG standards generally of high quality; some technologies and issues should be re-examined

GMZ-led project tracking to deliver vehicular thermoelectric generators for Bradley Fighting Vehicle, Honda Accord

Optimized direct-injection hydrogen engine estimated to exceed 2016 CAFE fuel economy targets at Tier 2 Bin 2 emission levels

NHTSA Modeling and Technology Projections Underlying the Proposed CAFE Target of 34.1 mpg by MY 2016

Expert group report finds alternative fuels could replace fossil fuels in Europe by 2050

How Carmakers Are Responding to the Plug-In Hybrid Opportunity

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