2007, Climate, Emissions and Ozone

UMD-led study finds China’s SO2 emissions down 75% since 2007, India’s up 50%; India may now be the top SO2 emitter

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2017

Although China and India remain the world’s largest consumers of coal, a new University of Maryland-led study found that China’s sulfur dioxide emissions fell by 75% since 2007, while India’s emissions increased by 50%. Illustration: Chris McLinden, Environment and Climate Change Canada. Click to enlarge. —Can Li.

India

India 2007 Emissions Aura

EPA says methane emissions from natural gas production have dropped 36% from 2007-2011

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2013

In its recently released Inventory of US Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990 – 2011 ( earlier post ), the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported that methane (CH 4 ) emissions from the field production of natural gas have declined by 36% from 2007 to 2011 (from 83.1 CH 4 emissions represented 8.8%

2007

2007 2011 EPA Gas

Study projects net cooling of climate from ship emissions through 2050

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2012

A recent study by an international team calculated that shipping causes a net cooling of climate across all parametrizations of the indirect aerosol effect (IAE) and scenarios throughout the period 1900?2050. A recent study commissioned by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) estimated total emissions of 1046 Tg CO 2 yr ?1

Climate

Climate Emissions Ozone 2007

California 2017 GHG inventory shows 1.2% total drop from 2016; transportation sector emissions up 1%

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2019

The California Air Resources Board’s latest state inventory of greenhouse gas emissions shows that California’s GHG emissions continue to decrease. Trends in California GHG Emissions. Changes in emissions by Scoping Plan sector between 2000 and 2017. Emissions are organized by the categories in the AB 32 Scoping Plan.

2017

2017 2016 Transportation Emissions

EPA, NHTSA issue One National Program Rule; EPA withdraws CA waiver for GHG and fuel economy

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 19, 2019

This action is based on the premise that federal law preempts state and local tailpipe greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions standards as well as zero emission vehicle (ZEV) mandates. California’s ability to enforce its Low Emission Vehicle program and other clean air standards to address harmful smog-forming vehicle emissions—i.e.,

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy EPA Economy Fuel

Study associates long-term exposure to air pollution with increasing emphysema

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 15, 2019

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants, especially O 3 (ozone), is significantly associated with increasing emphysema, according to a new study led by the University of Washington, Columbia University and the University at Buffalo. The annual averages of ozone levels in study areas were between about 10 and 25 ppb.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Washington Universal

UN Review of Recent Climate Research Concludes That Impacts Of Climate Change Coming Faster Than Anticipated

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2009

Significant climate anomalies 2008/2009. Source: Climate Change Compendium. Shifts in the hydrological cycle resulting in the disappearance of regional climates with related losses of ecosystems, species and the spread of drylands northwards and southwards away from the equator. Global emissions were growing by 1.1%

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate 2007 Ozone

US Climate Action Report to UN Projects 4% Growth in Total US GHG Emissions to 2020

Green Car Congress

JUNE 3, 2010

From 2005 through 2020, total US greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are projected to rise by 4% under a “with measures” scenario (but without a cap-and-trade program and other complementary policies), from 7,109 Tg CO 2 Eq. The report projects that transportation-related CO 2 emissions will drop 1.5% US Fifth Climate Action Report.

Climate

Climate 2020 Emissions Climate Change

IPCC: GHG emissions accelerating despite mitigation efforts; major institutional and technological change required to keep the heat down

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2014

Decomposition of the decadal change in total global CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion by four driving factors; population, income (GDP) per capita, energy intensity of GDP and carbon intensity of energy. Total anthropogenic GHG emissions were the highest in human history from 2000 to 2010 and reached 49 (±4.5) IPCC WG III.

Emissions

Emissions Climate Change 2000 Climate

Study Highlights the Importance of Considering Climate Effects of Non-CO2 Emissions from Transport in Mitigation Strategies and Policies

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2009

The on-road transportation (ORT) and power generation (PG) sectors are major contributors to CO 2 emissions and a host of short-lived radiatively-active air pollutants, including tropospheric ozone and fine aerosol particles, that exert complex influences on global climate.

Climate

Climate Emissions Transportation Climate Change

California Air Resources Board Unveils $3.7M in Rebates for Plug-in Hybrid and Zero-Emission Vehicles

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2010

million in rebates for plug-in hybrid and zero emissions vehicles as part of an overall $42.3 million program that Governor Schwarzenegger approved in 2007 to spur technological innovation in the transportation sector. The rebates offer up to $5,000 for the purchase of zero-emission (e.g., ARB was appropriated approximately $42.3

Plug-in

Plug-in California Emissions Plug

EPA Issues Proposed Endangerment Finding for Greenhouse Gases; Proposed Cause or Contribute Finding Identifies Motor Vehicles as Contributing Source

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2009

After a thorough scientific review ordered in 2007 by the US Supreme Court, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a proposal with two distinct findings regarding greenhouse gases. Combined with the endangerment finding, this enables the regulation of greenhouse gas emissions from motor vehicles under the Clean Air Act.

EPA

EPA Climate Change Ozone Motor

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

However, climate models to date have mischaracterized the effects of soot in the atmosphere, according to Jacobson, director of Stanford’s Atmosphere/Energy Program. He also found that soot emissions kill more than 1.5 Warming of the air by any chemical, including soot, enhances natural surface emissions of water vapor [e.g.,

Global

Global Ozone CO2 Pollution

Stanford Professor Urges EPA to Include Black Carbon in Endangerment Finding

Green Car Congress

MAY 18, 2009

In testimony for the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) public hearing ( earlier post ) on the proposed endangerment finding for greenhouse gas emissions under the Clean Air Act ( earlier post ), Stanford Professor Mark Jacobson urged the EPA to include black carbon in the finding. C increased Arctic warming from 1890 to 2007.

Carbon

Carbon EPA Pollution Ozone

WMO: Atmospheric Concentrations of Main Greenhouse Gases in 2008 Set New Highs

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 23, 2009

from 2007 to 2008. Since 1750, atmospheric CO 2 has increased by 38%, primarily because of emissions from combustion of fossil fuels, deforestation and land use change. While the concentration of CH 4 was stable for seven years (from 1999 to 2006), both 2007 and 2008 show a significant increase. since 1990 and by 1.3%

2008

2008 2003 2007 Climate Change

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

Markey of the Energy and Environment Subcommittee on Tuesday released a draft of far-reaching energy and climate legislation that targets job creation, promotes renewables and energy efficiency, and places limits on emissions of greenhouse gases. Waxman of the Energy and Commerce Committee and Chairman Edward J.

Climate

Climate Standards Carbon California

UNEP Report Calls for More Sophisticated Approach to Developing Biofuels; Limitations of Current LCA Studies

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2009

Here, RME show advantages for primary energy and GHG, but disadvantages in terms of acidification, eutrophication and ozone depletion. An important analytical issue that needs to be addressed, the report notes, is the lack of lifecycle assessment studies focusing on a wider set of environmental impact indicators than greenhouse gas emissions.

Ozone

Ozone Water Emissions Oil

ARB releases proposed cap-and-trade regulation for comment; transportation fuels impacted in 2015

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2010

A key part of ARB’s AB 32 Scoping Plan ( earlier post ), the cap-and-trade program provides an overall limit on the emissions from sources responsible for 85% of California’s greenhouse gas emissions. The program is expected to reduce GHG emissions between 18 and 27 MMTCO 2 e in 2020. Over time, the cap will steadily decline.

2015

2015 Transportation Fuel Emissions

Up close and personal with Volkswagen’s e-Golf carbon offset project: Garcia River Forest

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2015

In 2014, Volkswagen of America announced that starting with the launch of the zero-tailpipe emissions battery-electric 2015 e-Golf ( earlier post ), it would invest in projects to offset the carbon emissions created from the e-Golf on a full lifecycle basis: production, distribution and up to approximately 36,000 miles (57,936 km) of driving.

Carbon

Carbon Personal Store Emissions

NOAA Study Identifies Nitrous Oxide as Top Ozone-Depleting Emission in 21st Century

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 28, 2009

Comparison of annual N 2 O ODP-weighted emissions from the 1990s with emissions of other ODS in 1987 and in 2008. Even at the height of ODS emissions in the 1980s, annual anthropogenic N 2 O emissions were the fourth most significant. About one-third of global nitrous oxide emissions are from human activities.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions Climate 2009

EPA issues greenhouse gas proposals

Green Cars News

APRIL 19, 2009

After a thorough scientific review was ordered by the US Supreme Court in 2007, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has issued a proposal on greenhouse gases. It has been deemed by the EPA that the emissions from new motor vehicles and their engines contribute to these concentrations and threaten climate change.

EPA

EPA Gas Climate Change Arlington

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

It is possible to use gasoline C made with hydrated ethanol (AEHC) with minimum risk of phase separation due to Brazilian climate conditions. 80.27, “high ozone season” means the period from June 1 to September 15 of any calendar year and “regulatory control period” means the period from May 1 to September 15 of any calendar year.

Transportation

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric

North American Countries Target “Super” Greenhouse Gases Through Strengthened Ozone Treaty

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2010

The US, Canada, and Mexico have submitted a proposal to strengthen climate protection under the Montreal Protocol— the international treaty that phases out the production of a number of substances responsible for ozone depletion. Climate protection from the Montreal and Kyoto protocols. Source: IGSD. Click to enlarge.

Ozone

Ozone Micronesia Climate Protection Climate

SCOPE Biofuels Project Releases Assessment on Environmental Effects of Biofuel Technologies

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2009

Low-input cultivation of perennial plants, e.g. from short-rotation forestry and grasslands, may be an effective source of cellulosic biomass and provide environmental benefits (reduced pollution and lower greenhouse gas emissions). However very few studies include water use impacts. This implies reaching agreement on of key parameters (e.g.

Conversion

Conversion Water Emissions 2009

Volkswagen to use CO2 as refrigerant for future air conditioning systems

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2013

Reducing the greenhouse gas emissions from MACs have been under investigation since the late 1990s; cars equipped with R134a (tetrafluoroethane) MAC systems produce emissions corresponding to 7 grams of CO 2 per driven kilometer. With its GWP of 1, it is also the refrigerant that has the least impact on climate.

Future

Future CO2 Climate 2009

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2009

Health and other non-climate damages by life-cycle component for different combinations of fuels and light-duty automobiles in 2005 (top) and 2030 (bottom). Damages are expressed in cents per VMT (2007 USD). Most vehicle and fuel combinations had similar levels of greenhouse gas emissions in 2005. Click to enlarge.

2005

2005 Cost Of Energy Coal

EV Driven

UMD-led study finds China’s SO2 emissions down 75% since 2007, India’s up 50%; India may now be the top SO2 emitter

EPA says methane emissions from natural gas production have dropped 36% from 2007-2011

Study projects net cooling of climate from ship emissions through 2050

California 2017 GHG inventory shows 1.2% total drop from 2016; transportation sector emissions up 1%

EPA, NHTSA issue One National Program Rule; EPA withdraws CA waiver for GHG and fuel economy

Study associates long-term exposure to air pollution with increasing emphysema

UN Review of Recent Climate Research Concludes That Impacts Of Climate Change Coming Faster Than Anticipated

US Climate Action Report to UN Projects 4% Growth in Total US GHG Emissions to 2020

IPCC: GHG emissions accelerating despite mitigation efforts; major institutional and technological change required to keep the heat down

Study Highlights the Importance of Considering Climate Effects of Non-CO2 Emissions from Transport in Mitigation Strategies and Policies

California Air Resources Board Unveils $3.7M in Rebates for Plug-in Hybrid and Zero-Emission Vehicles

EPA Issues Proposed Endangerment Finding for Greenhouse Gases; Proposed Cause or Contribute Finding Identifies Motor Vehicles as Contributing Source

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Stanford Professor Urges EPA to Include Black Carbon in Endangerment Finding

WMO: Atmospheric Concentrations of Main Greenhouse Gases in 2008 Set New Highs

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

UNEP Report Calls for More Sophisticated Approach to Developing Biofuels; Limitations of Current LCA Studies

ARB releases proposed cap-and-trade regulation for comment; transportation fuels impacted in 2015

Up close and personal with Volkswagen’s e-Golf carbon offset project: Garcia River Forest

NOAA Study Identifies Nitrous Oxide as Top Ozone-Depleting Emission in 21st Century

EPA issues greenhouse gas proposals

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

North American Countries Target “Super” Greenhouse Gases Through Strengthened Ozone Treaty

SCOPE Biofuels Project Releases Assessment on Environmental Effects of Biofuel Technologies

Volkswagen to use CO2 as refrigerant for future air conditioning systems

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

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