Green Car Congress

JANUARY 25, 2019

Particulate matter, which can be made up of soot, soil, dust and sulfate particles, comes from a variety of sources, but primarily from the burning of carbon-based fuels, such as gasoline, diesel and wood. Tightened controls on residential wood-burning stoves and fireplaces, and enhanced incentives for cleaner-burning alternatives.

Pollution 191

Pollution Standards Clean Cleaning 191

Green Car Congress

MAY 22, 2012

Neste Oil will launch a completely new grade of diesel fuel in Finland this fall: Neste Pro Diesel. The new fuel is the first to comply with the most stringent diesel specification (Category 4) drawn up as part of the Worldwide Fuel Charter (WWFC) by automotive manufacturers in Europe, the US, and Asia. Properties.

Diesel 199

Diesel Oil Fuel Emissions 199

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 2, 2015

Researchers at Caltech and JPL used statistical mechanics to design a polymeric fuel additive that can self-assemble into “megasupramolecules” (≥5000 kg/mol) at low concentration (≤0.3 weight percent) and thus can reduce the intensity of post-impact fuel explosions that occur during accidents and terrorist acts. Credit: Caltech/JPL.

Fuel 150

Fuel Polymer Design Diesel 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2011

Data collected during a major 2010 state-federal atmospheric research project show that the first-in-the-nation regulation requiring ocean-going vessels to use clean fuel when near the California coast has been extremely effective in reducing sulfur dioxide pollution from ships, according to the California Air Resources Board (ARB).

Pollution 186

Pollution California Clean Cleaning 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 20, 2013

The reasons cited for air quality improvements include bigger ships carrying cargo more efficiently; newer ships with cleaner engines; the 1 Jan 2012 deadline for full implementation of the Clean Trucks Program; increasing use of shore power; and a new low-sulfur fuel rule for ships that started in August 2012.

Long Beach 255

Long Beach 2005 Diesel Pollution 255

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2011

An ASTM committee has voted to approve the addition of a new bio-derived jet fuel annex to the alternative jet fuel specification D7566 (Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons). —Nicholas E. Calio, President and CEO of the Air Transport Association (ATA). Earlier post.).

Fuel 186

Fuel Alternative Fuels 2006 Cleaner 186

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2017

These include cleaner, more fuel-efficient cars and zero emission vehicles, low-carbon fuels, renewable energy, waste diversion from landfills, water conservation, improvements to energy efficiency in homes and businesses, and a Cap-and-Trade Program. Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS).

California 150

California Cleaner Emissions Pollution 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2013

The Government of Canada has mandated a 2% renewable content requirement in diesel fuel; biodiesel—a mixture of fatty acid alkyl esters produced via transesterification from a variety of feedstocks (e.g., —Rouleau et al. the 2008-2012 global recession).

Canada 186

Canada 2006 Exhaust Pollution 186

Green Car Congress

JULY 12, 2018

Under Assembly Bill 32 passed in 2006, California must reduce its emissions to 1990 levels (431 million metric tons) by 2020. Due to the carbon price signal created by the Cap-and-Trade Program that makes fossil fuel generation more expensive, cleaner out-of-state electricity is increasingly taking the place of fuels such as coal.

2004 225

2004 2016 Emissions California 225

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2009

Maersk Line conducted the first “fuel switch” demonstration on a container ship in the Gulf of Mexico as the result of a partnership between the EPA, the Port of Houston Authority and Maersk Line. Maersk vessels have demonstrated the effectiveness of a fuel switch in more than 1,200 port calls on the US West Coast since March 2006.

Houston 225

Houston Mexico EPA Fuel 225

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2010

As of 1 June at least 80% of the diesel fuel refined in the United States for use by off-road vehicles must be ULSD fuel (15 ppm sulfur). Also as of 1 June, 100% of the diesel fuel refined in the US for on-road vehicles must be ULSD. Since 2007, off-road diesel has had a 500 ppm limit. Prior to that, it was 3,400 ppm.

Diesel 170

Diesel Clean Cleaning 2006 170

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2018

million in Federal Transit Administration (FTA) and California Proposition 1B Bond funds to replace fifty 40-foot New Flyer buses purchased between 2004 and 2006. Big Blue Bus (BBB), a bus operator serving Santa Monica and the Los Angeles area, will invest $18.3 Earlier post.).

Fleet 199

Fleet Engine Los Angeles Gas-Electric 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2015

Over its 10-year lifespan, the Renewable Fuel Standard’s (RFS’) requirement to substitute biofuels for fossil fuels has displaced nearly 1.9 To develop its estimates, BIO utilized the GREET1.2013 model to compare carbon emissions from the mixture of US transportation fuels (both petroleum and biofuel) under two scenarios.

Carbon 150

Carbon Emissions 2005 Renewable 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2010

The program will cover the major sources of GHG emissions in the State, including refineries and power plants, industrial facilities, and transportation fuels. The cap-and-trade program is expected to result in increased investment in efficient buildings and technologies and in advanced fuels. Transportation fuels.

2015 210

2015 Transportation Fuel Emissions 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2015

California is tracking to meet or to exceed the current target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by 2020, as established in the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 (AB 32).

Climate Change 150

Climate Change California Climate North America 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2017

Between 2006 and 2015, California’s GDP per capita grew by almost $5,000 per person, nearly double the growth experienced by the US as a whole. Job growth between 2006 and 2015 in California outpaced rates experienced prior to 2006, and outpaced total US employment gains by 27%. below their 2006 levels. from 2014.

California 150

California Light Emissions Climate 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 12, 2013

However, the fuel-cycle PM 10 , PM 2.5 , SO 2 , and NO x emissions of EVs could be up to five times higher than those of ICEVs (internal combustion engine vehicles) and CNGVs. The preferred fuel path(s) will depend to a great extent on their climate and environmental performance, which is of national concern. Earlier post.]

Coal 231

Coal Pollution China Gas 231

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 3, 2010

The National Petrochemical & Refiners Association (NPRA) filed a legal challenge to California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) with the US District Court, Eastern District of California, Fresno Division. 1492, and the federal Renewable Fuels Standard. By regulating the fuel pathway of transportation fuels—i.e.,

California 199

California Oil-Sands Oil 2005 199

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2010

The cap-and-trade program also works in concert with other measures, such as standards for cleaner vehicles, low-carbon fuels, renewable electricity and energy efficiency, and complements and supports California’s existing efforts to reduce smog-forming and toxic air pollutants. Click to enlarge.

California 218

California Climate Climate Change Gas-Electric 218

Green Car Congress

JUNE 16, 2012

Other successful initiatives—highlighted in Ford’s 13th annual Sustainability Report—include reductions in water use, waste-to-landfill and CO 2 emissions as well as improvements in vehicle fuel economy and safety.

2016 256

2016 Ford Manufacturer Energy 256

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 1, 2009

The firm modelled how Canada can achieve both the federal government’s current target (20% below the 2006 level by 2020) as well as a more ambitious target (25% below the 1990 level by 2020). Replacement of fossil fuels by cleaner electricity (e.g., Increased energy efficiency throughout the economy (e.g.,

Canada 223

Canada Economy Global Climate Change 223

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 2, 2016

Assembly Bill 32, signed in 2006, set California’s initial goal to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by 2020 and directed CARB to develop a climate change scoping plan—to be updated every five years—detailing the specific measures needed to reach the target.

California 150

California Climate Change Climate Pollution 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 26, 2011

Scania customers can choose between EGR and SCR technology, provided that low-sulfur fuel (less than 10 ppm) is available in the market. Scania’s SCR (selective catalytic reduction) aftertreatment systems have also developed in several steps since the introduction in 2006. Typical Scania engine architecture. Compared to the 8.9-

Engine 186

Engine Global 2007 Exhaust 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2009

During the summer of 2006, Lack and colleagues, aboard the NOAA ship Ronald H. Ships emit sulfates, the same particles associated with diesel-engine cars and trucks which motivated improvements in on-road vehicle fuel standards. Sulfate emissions from ships vary with the concentration of sulfur in ship fuel, the authors found.

Pollution 150

Pollution Commercial Exhaust Cleaner 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2014

Since the advent of the first Low-Emission Vehicle regulations in 1990 and the passage of California Assembly Bill 32 (AB 32) in 2006, the California Air Resources Board (ARB) has attempted to address the state’s air quality and climate goals by requiring development of motor vehicles that do not directly emit NO x or other criteria pollutants.

Climate 257

Climate Gas Emissions California 257

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2009

Under the test program, the first of its kind in the US, Renergie will use variable blending pumps, not splash blending, to precisely dispense hydrous ethanol blends of E10, E20, E30, and E85 to test blend optimization with respect to fuel economy, engine emissions, and vehicle drivability. Earlier post.). Earlier post.).

EPA 150

EPA Louisiana Gasoline Brazil 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 23, 2011

The Pearl GTL project was launched in July 2006 and the first stone was laid by His Highness Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al-Thani, the Heir Apparent in February 2007. Once fully operational, Pearl will produce 1.6 Sections of the Pearl GTL plant will be started up progressively over the coming months.

Gas 170

Gas Qatar Convert 2012 170

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 24, 2011

Comprehensive energy and climate change policies that accelerate the deployment of energy efficiency, cleaner energy, renewable energy, green buildings, clean vehicles and fuels, and low- carbon transportation infrastructure. An integral part of this should be the removal of fossil fuel subsidies. Resources.

Climate Change 360

Climate Change Climate Global Energy 360

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2010

Fuel-cycle SO 2 emissions of EVs compared to those of gasoline ICEVs and HEVs in China, current (left) and future (right). The study examined the fuel-cycle CO 2 , SO 2 , and NO x emissions of EVs in China in both current (2008) and future (2030) periods and compared them with those of conventional gasoline vehicles and gasoline hybrids.

Coal 291

Coal Gasoline-Electric Gasoline China 291

Plug In Partners

SEPTEMBER 6, 2006

P G & E plugs campaign for hybrid electric cars Joshua Sabatini The Examiner Sep 5, 2006 SAN FRANCISCO - Pacific Gas and Electric Co. Today’s hybrid cars, such as the Toyota Prius, use electricity generated by gasoline-fueled engines. The bottom line is, electricity is cleaner, cheaper and domestic ,” Geller said. wants its 5.1

Plug 100

Plug San Francisco PHEV Cleaner 100

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 18, 2009

Despite the fact that China has made much progress in setting up standards regulating new vehicle emissions and fuel quality, the understanding of environmental performance of in-use vehicles has been rather poor. Most of the light-duty vehicles were equipped with multi-point fuel injection systems and three-way catalytic converters.

Emissions 150

Emissions China Fleet Taxi 150

Plugs and Cars

NOVEMBER 28, 2006

Who Killed the Electric Car opens across America EAA chapters turn out for openings Summer 2006 has been all about “Who Killed the Electric Car?” Reviews of the movie by the score have been fueled by $75 per barrel oil and the fear of $4 per gallon gas. Cars have gotten cleaner, but there are more of them.

Ford 100

Ford Hybrid Sierra San Jose 100

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

From this basic information ,” he added, “ we hope to develop predictive models of MEHR applicability in various environments, as well as novel technologies to enhance hydrocarbon recovery for fuels. ”. A 1% improvement in recovery on BP’s original hydrocarbons equates to 2 billion barrels of additional reserves. Earlier post.)

Energy 186

Energy Oil Illinois 2007 186

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2020

in a year while not experiencing an economic downturn since California passed AB 32 in 2006. While the amount of transportation fuel consumed in 2018 was similar to levels from ten and fifteen years prior, emissions from transportation fuel in 2018 were 3.3% This is plausibly due to bus fleets becoming cleaner or electrified.

California 285

California 2018 2019 2017 285

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2010

The other goal, of course, is the system’s ultimate purpose: to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions by channeling funds into cleaner technologies. Each SABMF has a production capacity of five million gallons per year of fuel-grade ethanol. Mr. Donovan is CEO of Renergie, Inc. Renergie”).

Carbon 255

Carbon Climate Change Climate Emissions 255

Cars That Think

OCTOBER 25, 2022

federal government has mandated that the country’s government-operated planes, trains, and automobiles run on a fuel blend partly made from corn- and soybean-based biofuels. In one way, the program in question—the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS)—is a relic from a bygone era. For the past decade and a half, the U.S. Now, it is 2022.

Fuel 79

Fuel South Korea Renewable Tax Credit 79

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 2, 2017

Refuse and central business district duty cycles show similar in-use emissions performance to the local and near-dock port cycles, while urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) represents the standard cycle the EPA uses for vehicle and fuel emissions testing. bhp-hr, NO x emissions dropped 90% compared to 2006 and older heavy-duty vehicles.

EPA 150

EPA Standards Gas Engine 150