2005, Ozone and Power

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2020

The study focuses on the period between 2005 and 2018 and tracks combustion emissions of various polluting compounds from various sectors, looking at every state in the contiguous United States, from season to season and year to year. They first obtained emissions data from each of seven sectors for the years 2005, 2011, and 2018.

MIT

MIT Pollution Emissions 2005

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2013

Annual average concentrations of fine particulates from US sources of combustion emissions from (a) electric power generation; (b) industry; (c) commercial and residential sources; (d) road transportation; (e) marine transportation; (f) rail transportation; (g) sum of all combustion sources; (h) all sources. Source: MIT. Click to enlarge.

MIT

MIT Emissions Ozone Power

EPA researchers find deaths from air pollution falling over time, but many sectors continue to pose a risk

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2013

Number of premature PM 2.5 - and ozone-related deaths attributable to seven broad classes of sectors in 2016 (thousands of premature deaths). and ozone air quality levels, population exposure and health burden to 23 industrial point, area, mobile and international emission sectors in the Continental US in 2005 and 2016.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone EPA 2005

EPA Proposes Transport Rule to Cut Pollution from Power Plants in 31 States and DC; New Approach for Pollution Reduction

Green Car Congress

JULY 6, 2010

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing regulations employing the “good neighbor” provision of the Clean Air Act to reduce interstate transport of upwind state emissions from power generation that contribute to air quality problems in downwind states. This option allows trading only among power plants within a state.

Pollution

Pollution EPA Transportation DC

NASA satellite images highlight US air quality improvement with reduction of NO2

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2014

After ten years in orbit, the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on NASA’s Aura satellite has been in orbit sufficiently long to show that people in major US cities are breathing less nitrogen dioxide. The gas is produced primarily during the combustion of gasoline in vehicle engines and coal in power plants.

Ozone

Ozone Maryland Aura Pollution

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2018

They found that levels of pollutants that can contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, or smog, have failed to continue a fairly steady decline as estimated by the US Environmental Protection Agency. These results show that meeting future air quality standards for ozone pollution will be more challenging than previously thought.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA

EPA finalizes Cross-State Air Pollution Rule (Transport Rule)

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2011

The Cross-State Air Pollution Rule replaces and strengthens the requirements of the 2005 Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR), which the US Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit ordered EPA to revise in 2008. By 2014, the rule and other state and EPA actions will reduce SO 2 emissions by 73% from 2005 levels. NO x emissions will drop by 54%.

Pollution

Pollution EPA Transportation Ozone

UMD-led study finds China’s SO2 emissions down 75% since 2007, India’s up 50%; India may now be the top SO2 emitter

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2017

Two maps compare total annual sulfur dioxide amounts for India and China during 2005 (left) and 2016 based on Ozone Monitoring Instrument measurements. Most of the two countries’ sulfur dioxide emissions come from coal-fired power plants and coal-burning factories.

India

India 2007 Emissions Aura

Cutting Non-CO2 Pollutants Can Delay Abrupt Climate Change; The Fast Action Climate Agenda

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 14, 2009

Probability distribution for the committed warming by GHGs between 1750 and 2005. Cutting HFCs, black carbon, tropospheric ozone, and methane can buy us about 40 years before we approach the dangerous threshold of 2°C warming. —co-author Tropospheric ozone. From Molina et al. Earlier post.) Mario Molina. (Dr. Ramanathan.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Pollution Ozone

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2012

eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. GW = global warming; Eut. Credit: ACS, Yang et al. Click to enlarge. Credit: ACS, Yang et al. Click to enlarge.

Gasoline

Gasoline Water Emissions Minnesota

UN Review of Recent Climate Research Concludes That Impacts Of Climate Change Coming Faster Than Anticipated

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2009

Losses of tropical and temperate mountain glaciers affecting perhaps 20-25% of the human population in terms of drinking water, irrigation and hydro-power. degrees Celsius—even if GHG concentrations had been fixed at their 2005 concentration levels and without any other anthropogenic forcing such as the cooling effect of aerosols.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate 2007 Ozone

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2009

Health and other non-climate damages by life-cycle component for different combinations of fuels and light-duty automobiles in 2005 (top) and 2030 (bottom). GHG emissions (grams CO 2 -eq)/VMT by life-cycle component for different combinations of fuels and light-duty automobiles in 2005 (top) and 2030 (bottom). Click to enlarge.

2005

2005 Cost Of Energy Coal

WHO links 7 million premature deaths annually to air pollution; 12.5% of total global deaths

Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2014

The 2005 “WHO Air quality guidelines” offer global guidance on thresholds and limits for key air pollutants that pose health risks. Therefore, the WHO 2005 guideline limits aimed to achieve the lowest concentrations of PM possible. Ozone is a major factor in asthma morbidity and mortality. WHO PM Guideline Values.

Pollution

Pollution Global Ozone Coal

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

power from renewable sources—wind, solar, geothermal, biomass or landfill gas, hydropower, and marine and hydrokinetic—for retail electricity suppliers beginning at 6% in 2012 and gradually rising to 25% in 2025 and continuing at that level through 2039. The draft establishes a Renewable Portfolio Standard—i.e., Clean Fuels and Vehicles.

Climate

Climate Standards Carbon California

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

Brazil introduced its current generation of ethanol-powered cars in 2003, the same year in which anhydrous ethanol consumption peaked. In 2005, their sales increased even further, accounting for approximately 54% of all new car sales. Named flex-fuel vehicles (FFVs), these automobiles run on gasoline, ethanol, or any blend of the two.

Transportation

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric

Study identifies Bakken Formation alone as responsible for ~2% of global ethane emissions

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2016

Ethane reacts with sunlight and other molecules in the atmosphere to form ozone, which at the surface can cause respiratory problems, eye irritation and other ailments and damage crops. It saw a steep increase in oil and gas activity over the past decade, powered by advances in hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, and horizontal drilling.

Global

Global Ozone Emissions North Dakota

EV Driven

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

EPA researchers find deaths from air pollution falling over time, but many sectors continue to pose a risk

EPA Proposes Transport Rule to Cut Pollution from Power Plants in 31 States and DC; New Approach for Pollution Reduction

NASA satellite images highlight US air quality improvement with reduction of NO2

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

EPA finalizes Cross-State Air Pollution Rule (Transport Rule)

UMD-led study finds China’s SO2 emissions down 75% since 2007, India’s up 50%; India may now be the top SO2 emitter

Cutting Non-CO2 Pollutants Can Delay Abrupt Climate Change; The Fast Action Climate Agenda

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

UN Review of Recent Climate Research Concludes That Impacts Of Climate Change Coming Faster Than Anticipated

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

WHO links 7 million premature deaths annually to air pollution; 12.5% of total global deaths

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Study identifies Bakken Formation alone as responsible for ~2% of global ethane emissions

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