Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2020

For the past four years, the Co-Optimization of Fuels & Engines (Co-Optima) National Laboratory consortium has focused research efforts primarily on turbocharged (boosted) spark-ignition (SI) engines for light-duty vehicles. compression ratio, extent of downsizing, etc.). What Will Work in the Real World?

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Alcohol Blend Fuel Engine Fuel Economy 243

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 1, 2016

In its new report on downsized and boosted gasoline engine technologies ( earlier post ) the ICCT highlighted Ricardo’s work on an “extreme” Miller cycle concept with high (13:1) compression ratio (CR) and central direct injection in a downsized boosted engine. Resources. Ricardo continues to develop the concept.

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Concept Downsizing 2016 Congress 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2012

This concept system is expected to be ideal for heavily downsized applications and developing markets. Delphi also showcased its light-weight new Unit Pump Common Rail (UPCR) system, a cost-effective concept specifically designed for diesel engines with one to four cylinders. Resources. New Common Rail system for small engines.

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Engine Light Diesel 2000 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2010

Light trucks. This approach would allow credit trading among all vehicles a manufacturer produces, both cars and light trucks, as well as between companies. Eligible innovative technologies include those that are used in one or more current vehicle models, but that are not yet in widespread use in the light-duty fleet.

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EPA Standards Light PHEV 236

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 1, 2010

Use of ethanol, methanol or alcohol mixtures could be particularly attractive for heavy duty vehicles because of the need for cleaner engines than present diesel engines and a less demanding infrastructure requirement than that for light duty vehicles. More modest downsizing up to 5 liters could offer a practical solution.

Diesel 218

Diesel Engine Downsizing Fuel 218

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2016

Although gasoline direct injection (GDI) enables downsizing with its increased power and lower fuel consumption, it also results in higher particulate emissions. These are regulated by particle number (PN) in Europe; the limit value for GDI PN emissions will be the same as for light-duty diesel cars in 2017 under Euro 6c. Johnson, T.,

Gasoline 150

Gasoline 2017 Engine Mercedes 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2015

A higher compression ratio can be used if an engine will operate primarily at light loads, such that degraded efficiency at high loads is more than offset by improved efficiency at light loads. The compression ratio selected for a particular engine depends, the authors note, on the expected duty cycle and fuel octane. Leone, James E.

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Engine Fuel GM Ford 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2017

According to Brooks, among the technologies GM is looking to in the gasoline engine area are: Continued aggressive downsizing. Additionally, McCarthy noted, while decreasing emissions from the light duty sector will be significantly enabled by increasing electrification, the same does not automatically hold true for freight and aviation.

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GM Engine Future Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 12, 2011

The report expects aluminum to double its share of the light vehicle material mix by 2025 vs. the 2008 EPA baseline vehicle. Using aluminum will extend the efficiencies of other technologies, while enabling secondary cost-savings from downsized powertrains without sacrificing performance. kg) per year per light vehicle.

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2012 Downsizing Auto Industrial 186

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 15, 2016

When presented with a list of technologies analyzed within a National Academies of Science report ( earlier post ) that might be used to meet fuel-efficiency standards, suppliers picked turbocharging and engine downsizing, along with higher-speed automatic transmissions, as the most critical.

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Fuel Economy Auto Economy Standards 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 19, 2013

The technical and macro-economic study, commissioned by the European Climate Foundation, focuses on light-duty vehicles. In addition, there is a new dimension from the substitution of oil, which is largely imported, with electricity and hydrogen, which are largely generated from indigenous energy resources.

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Cost Of 2020 Fuel CO2 261

Green Car Congress

JULY 28, 2014

However, Navigant foresees that the consumption of gasoline will slowly decrease as alternatives and diesel become more popular in light-duty vehicle (LDV) segments. Conventional fuels (e.g., gasoline and diesel) represent the bulk of energy consumption throughout the forecast period. of global consumption in 2014 to more than 16.4%

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Transportation Global Fuel Alternative Fuels 255

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2012

Internal combustion engines have been significantly improving in the past decade, after the adoption of technologies such as Gasoline Direct Injection, mild electrification, downsizing and turbocharging. The OSU EcoCAR prototype vehicle features an extended-range electric architecture with a downsized 1.8L —Skarke et al.

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Waste PHEV Fuel Exhaust 312

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2018

liter downsized turbocharged centrally-mounted direct injection engine. The LA92 test cycle or the California Unified Cycle (UC) is a dynamometer driving schedule for light-duty vehicles developed by the California Air Resources Board (CARB). In the study, the team used two MY 2016 passenger cars. —Yang et al. 7b05641.

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Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel Economy 253

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2015

The initiative intends to accelerate the widespread deployment of significantly improved fuels and vehicles (passenger to light truck to heavy duty commercial vehicles) by 2030. The “Optima” program bridges the broad expertise and resources of the Vehicle Technologies Office and the Bioenergy Technologies Office at the DOE.

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Engine Fuel Fuel Economy Light 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 4, 2013

to decrease the propensity of gasoline to auto-ignite under high pressure and temperature—will lead to technologies that can increase compression ratio, and support high-efficiency downsizing and downspeeding. Alger, T.F. Mangold (2009) Dedicated EGR: A New Concept in High Efficiency Engines.

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Gasoline 2018 Engine Commercial 268

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 10, 2009

Additionally, suggested one of the speakers, advanced SIDI (spark-ignited, direct-injection) engines can take light-duty market share back from diesels in Europe based on the same trends. don’t think we expect to see a large market share of light duty diesel in the short term. SULEV/Tier 2 Bin 2 is the target. smog and particulates.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Diesel Engine Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 31, 2014

Because of the shifts in the materials mix of the vehicles, the material resources requirements for manufacturing also changed. For example, the iron demand is less because the share of steel is less, while the bauxite demand increases because of the higher light alloy share. The start/stop system as standard for all engine variants.

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Mercedes CO2 2007 MPG 252

Green Car Congress

JUNE 4, 2010

Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles over the next 15 years without compromising vehicle performance or safety, according to a new report by the National Research Council. Assessment of Technologies”.

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Purchase Lithium Ion Fuel Available 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2020

Due to the continued exposure of millions of Americans to poor air quality, both the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and California Air Resources Board (CARB) have announced rulemakings focused on revising the heavy-duty truck emission standards, with a particular focus on tighter limits for oxides of nitrogen (NO x ).

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Emissions Diesel Engine 2010 291

Green Car Congress

MARCH 5, 2013

Worldwide, light-duty vehicle (LDV) fuel economy is not improving fast enough to cut average fuel use by 50% for all new cars by 2030, according to a working paper issued by the Global Fuel Economy Initiative ( GFEI ). —“International comparison of light-duty vehicle fuel economy”. Source: GFEI. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.)

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Fuel Economy Economy Fuel 2005 170

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2013

Fuel economy levels for new passenger light-duty vehicles LDV vary by up to 55% from country to country, demonstrating enormous scope for improving efficiency through policy. Engine downsizing and weight reduction represent around 30% of that potential collectively. Tracking Clean Energy Progress.

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Carbon Supplies Global Transportation 265

Green Car Congress

MAY 18, 2015

Downsized engines can use increased compression ratios and boost pressures to improve their volumetric efficiency, in order to achieve comparable performance to their larger counterparts. According to the review, the conversion of HCs, CO, and NO in the exhaust gas by the catalyst can result in up to a 4.5%

Fuel 150

Fuel Exhaust Gas Engine 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 7, 2009

The two companies had earlier agreed to jointly develop and marketing hybrid vehicle technology for passenger cars and light commercial vehicles in 2005. The parallel hybrid concept can be implemented in a particularly profitable manner thanks to the utilization of existing vehicle resources in the driveline. Earlier post.).

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Commercial Hybrid Vehicles Li-ion 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2010

Tripling US new light-duty vehicle fleet fuel efficiency by 2035 through evolutionary change—e.g., Tripling US new light-duty vehicle fleet fuel efficiency by 2035 through evolutionary change—e.g., New fleet efficiency horizon in terms of energy intensity and fuel consumption. Source: DeCicco 2010. Click to enlarge.

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Fleet Fuel Automobile MPG 236

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 16, 2013

Early versions of direct injection employed a stratified injection strategy which included late fuel injection and charge air motion to produce a stoichiometric air/fuel mixture in the vicinity of the spark plug and, thereby, avoid pumping losses from the need to throttle the engine at light load. Resources. gasoline blend.

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Standards Emissions Miles Engine 246

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2016

The upside of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines is widely seen as being improved fuel economy coupled with an increase in specific power (especially with turbocharging), enabling significant downsizing. l/100 km)—the average fuel economy of the in-use United States light-duty fleet in 2014. Credit: ACS, Zimmerman et al.

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Climate Engine Carbon Fuel Economy 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2015

The engine should yield fuel efficiency gains of more than 50% compared to a downsized, turbo-charged gasoline direct injection engine, while reducing the overall cost of the powertrain system, said Fabien Redon, Vice President, Technology Development at Achates Power. Earlier post.) Earlier post.). Earlier post.). Fabien Redon.

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Downsizing Engine Fuel Gasoline 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 17, 2011

Multiple ways exist for introduction of methanol into the fuel infrastructure (light blends or heavy blends) and into vehicles (light duty or heavy duty applications). Resources. There is also the possibility of achieving greenhouse gas reduction by CO2 sequestration in the methanol generation process. —Bromberg and Cheng.

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Transportation Fuel Coal Gasoline 257

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 10, 2013

Even in the BRICs, ICE downsizing has become a big deal. The survey found that most companies are hedging their bets and spreading funding across a wide range of areas, with ICE downsizing and plug-in hybrids expected to receive the greatest investment over the next 5 years. —“14 th Annual Global Automotive Executive Survey”.

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Downsizing Global Auto Brazil 231

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2011

CAR did not assume any downsizing of the vehicle sales fleet or significant reduction in performance by vehicles in any segment as a means for increasing fuel economy standards by 2025. CAR then forecasts the US market for light vehicles, the US production of such vehicles and. Industry in 2025” Resources. A flexible.

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Fuel Economy Economy Auto Industry Standards 199

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 28, 2016

The intended application is light-, medium-, and heavy-duty markets including hybrid architectures. Thrust 1 builds on the significant amount of work carried out over the past several decades, focused on building advanced boosted, downsized, and downspeeded spark ignition engines. Fuel impacts on catalyst light-off temperatures.

Engine 150

Engine Fuel Vehicles Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 14, 2009

Bubble chart of plausible mainstream PHEV buyers’ battery requirements (light and dark gray circles) and experts’s requirements overlaid on a Ragone plot of NiMH and Li-ion batteries. Let’s talk about water quality, local emissions, natural resources and the wars that come from places that don’t have enough natural resources.

PHEV 150

PHEV Fuel Economy San Diego Climate Change 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2010

The chassis and suspension components were downsized based on the revised vehicle curb weight, maintaining the baseline carrying capacity and incorporating the mass of the hybrid drive system. Electrical/Lighting. The lighting technologies section reviewed included diodes, xenon and halogen. Closures/Fenders. Electrical.

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2020 Engine Vehicles 2017 230

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 4, 2011

Port assisted direction injection (PDI)—a dual injection system for combining the benefits of port fuel injection (PFI) and direct injection (DI), and enabling a dual fuel system approach for high compression ratios and extreme downsizing on boosted engines.

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Fuel Economy Gasoline Light Engine 218

Green Car Congress

JUNE 16, 2011

To address this request, the NRC formed the Committee on the Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light-Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy. Spark-ignition (SI) engines will continue to be the primary source of propulsion for light-duty vehicles in the United States over the time frame of the report (next 15 years).

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Fuel Downsizing Fuel Economy Diesel 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 24, 2012

The results represent a light-load indicated efficiency improvement of 15-30% (up to 40.9%). With the extended lean operation of the sleeve-valve engine, NO x emissions remain low for light to medium loads and rise back to typical levels during the brief enrichment periods required to maintain competitive BMEP levels at higher loads.

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Light Fuel Economy Engine Fuel 304