2005, Emissions, Ozone and Powered

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

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FEBRUARY 15, 2020

More than half of all air-quality-related early deaths in the United States are a result of emissions originating outside of the state in which those deaths occur, MIT researchers report in a paper in the journal Nature. Electric power generation is the greatest contributor to out-of-state pollution-related deaths, the findings suggest.

MIT

MIT Pollution Emissions 2005

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

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AUGUST 29, 2013

Annual average concentrations of fine particulates from US sources of combustion emissions from (a) electric power generation; (b) industry; (c) commercial and residential sources; (d) road transportation; (e) marine transportation; (f) rail transportation; (g) sum of all combustion sources; (h) all sources. Source: MIT. related and ?2,000

MIT

MIT Emissions Ozone Power

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

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NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

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MAY 1, 2018

NO x emissions have not been decreasing as expected in recent years (2011–2015) when comparing top-down estimates from satellites and surface NO 2 measurements to the trends predicted from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s emission inventory data, according to a new study by an international team of researchers.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA

EPA researchers find deaths from air pollution falling over time, but many sectors continue to pose a risk

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APRIL 1, 2013

Number of premature PM 2.5 - and ozone-related deaths attributable to seven broad classes of sectors in 2016 (thousands of premature deaths). and ozone air quality levels, population exposure and health burden to 23 industrial point, area, mobile and international emission sectors in the Continental US in 2005 and 2016.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone EPA 2005

UMD-led study finds China’s SO2 emissions down 75% since 2007, India’s up 50%; India may now be the top SO2 emitter

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NOVEMBER 13, 2017

Although China and India remain the world’s largest consumers of coal, a new University of Maryland-led study found that China’s sulfur dioxide emissions fell by 75% since 2007, while India’s emissions increased by 50%. The rapid decrease of sulfur dioxide emissions in China far exceeds expectations and projections.

India

India 2007 Emissions Aura

EPA Proposes Transport Rule to Cut Pollution from Power Plants in 31 States and DC; New Approach for Pollution Reduction

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JULY 6, 2010

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing regulations employing the “good neighbor” provision of the Clean Air Act to reduce interstate transport of upwind state emissions from power generation that contribute to air quality problems in downwind states. NO x emissions would drop by 52%.

Pollution

Pollution EPA Transportation DC

EPA finalizes Cross-State Air Pollution Rule (Transport Rule)

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JULY 7, 2011

The Cross-State Air Pollution Rule replaces and strengthens the requirements of the 2005 Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR), which the US Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit ordered EPA to revise in 2008. The rule will improve air quality by cutting SO 2 and NO x emissions that contribute to pollution problems in other states.

Pollution

Pollution EPA Transportation Ozone

Cutting Non-CO2 Pollutants Can Delay Abrupt Climate Change; The Fast Action Climate Agenda

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OCTOBER 14, 2009

Probability distribution for the committed warming by GHGs between 1750 and 2005. Cutting HFCs, black carbon, tropospheric ozone, and methane can buy us about 40 years before we approach the dangerous threshold of 2°C warming. —co-author From Molina et al. 2009), reproduced from Ramanathan and Feng (2008) Click to enlarge.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Pollution Ozone

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

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MARCH 16, 2012

eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. GW = global warming; Eut. Credit: ACS, Yang et al. Click to enlarge. Process flow diagrams for E85 and gasoline. Click to enlarge.

Gasoline

Gasoline Water Emissions Minnesota

UN Review of Recent Climate Research Concludes That Impacts Of Climate Change Coming Faster Than Anticipated

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SEPTEMBER 25, 2009

Losses of tropical and temperate mountain glaciers affecting perhaps 20-25% of the human population in terms of drinking water, irrigation and hydro-power. This is despite the fact that natural variation will partially offset the warming signal from greenhouse gas emissions. Global emissions were growing by 1.1%

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate 2007 Ozone

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2009

Health and other non-climate damages by life-cycle component for different combinations of fuels and light-duty automobiles in 2005 (top) and 2030 (bottom). GHG emissions (grams CO 2 -eq)/VMT by life-cycle component for different combinations of fuels and light-duty automobiles in 2005 (top) and 2030 (bottom). Click to enlarge.

2005

2005 Cost Of Energy Coal

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

Markey of the Energy and Environment Subcommittee on Tuesday released a draft of far-reaching energy and climate legislation that targets job creation, promotes renewables and energy efficiency, and places limits on emissions of greenhouse gases. Any Federal vehicle standards are to achieve at least the results of the California standards.

Climate

Climate Standards Carbon California

WHO links 7 million premature deaths annually to air pollution; 12.5% of total global deaths

Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2014

This incorporated satellite data, ground-level monitoring measurements and data on pollution emissions from key sources, as well as modeling of how pollution drifts in the air. The 2005 “WHO Air quality guidelines” offer global guidance on thresholds and limits for key air pollutants that pose health risks. WHO PM Guideline Values.

Pollution

Pollution Global Ozone Coal

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

Brazil introduced its current generation of ethanol-powered cars in 2003, the same year in which anhydrous ethanol consumption peaked. In 2005, their sales increased even further, accounting for approximately 54% of all new car sales. Named flex-fuel vehicles (FFVs), these automobiles run on gasoline, ethanol, or any blend of the two.

Transportation

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric

Study identifies Bakken Formation alone as responsible for ~2% of global ethane emissions

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2016

Ethane reacts with sunlight and other molecules in the atmosphere to form ozone, which at the surface can cause respiratory problems, eye irritation and other ailments and damage crops. Two percent might not sound like a lot, but the emissions we observed in this single region are 10 to 100 times larger than reported in inventories.

Global

Global Ozone Emissions North Dakota

EV Driven

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

EPA researchers find deaths from air pollution falling over time, but many sectors continue to pose a risk

UMD-led study finds China’s SO2 emissions down 75% since 2007, India’s up 50%; India may now be the top SO2 emitter

EPA Proposes Transport Rule to Cut Pollution from Power Plants in 31 States and DC; New Approach for Pollution Reduction

EPA finalizes Cross-State Air Pollution Rule (Transport Rule)

Cutting Non-CO2 Pollutants Can Delay Abrupt Climate Change; The Fast Action Climate Agenda

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

UN Review of Recent Climate Research Concludes That Impacts Of Climate Change Coming Faster Than Anticipated

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

WHO links 7 million premature deaths annually to air pollution; 12.5% of total global deaths

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Study identifies Bakken Formation alone as responsible for ~2% of global ethane emissions

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