article thumbnail

Digital Currency and Trade Systems Are Tearing up the Rules

Cars That Think

These platforms—which combine open alliance legal agreements (like Visa or Mastercard's legal agreements), distributed ledger technology (for example, blockchains like IBM's hyperledger ), and end-to-end encryption—can handle not only payments but also finance, trade, tax, and audits in a uniform manner. or EU standards.

Tax 138
article thumbnail

Volkswagen confirms EA288 diesel engines designed for EU5 and EU6 not affected by defeat device software

Green Car Congress

Consequently, new vehicles of the Volkswagen Group offered within the European Union with those engines comply with legal requirements and environmental standards. Volkswagen Group had earlier confirmed that new EU6-compliant vehicles offered within the European Union fulfill all legal requirements and environmental standards.

Diesel 150
article thumbnail

Air pollutant emission 2010 limits exceeded in twelve EU Member States; road transport NOx a main factor

Green Car Congress

For the first time, preliminary data recently reported to the EEA by Member States allow a comparison with the legally binding emission limits for 2010 set in the EU NEC Directive. Liechtenstein reports it has missed its NO x and NH 3 emissions ceilings, Norway its NO x emission ceiling, while Switzerland has achieved its four ceilings.

Pollution 309
article thumbnail

Big Data Could Accelerate Drug Approvals

Cars That Think

The way in which quality is assured hasn’t changed much in about 25 years, says Timothé Ménard , head of quality data science at pharmaceutical company Roche in Basel, Switzerland. A reliable, standardized QA tool could augment or even replace traditional audits, he suggests. These include technical standards and best practices.”

article thumbnail

UNECE Adopts Type Approval for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles’ Electric Safety Requirements; Applies in 41 Countries

Green Car Congress

The new version of the regulation offers car manufacturers the legal instrument to put into the market passenger and commercial vehicles with greener standards, reducing the costs and delays associated with multiple approvals in various countries. Tags: Electric (Battery) Europe Fuel Cells Hybrids Plug-ins Policy Standards.

Hybrid 199
article thumbnail

“Energiewende” in a tank; Audi e-fuels targeting carbon-neutral driving with synthetic fuels from renewables, H2O and CO2; Swiss policy test case

Green Car Congress

In May 2015, testing initiated by Audi confirmed that Joule’s e-ethanol meets: American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D4806 – Denatured fuel ethanol for blending with gasolines for use as automotive spark-ignition engine fuel; and German Institute for Standardization (DIN) EN 15376 – Ethanol as a blending component for petrol.

Audi 150
article thumbnail

Devil in the Details: World Leaders Scramble To Salvage and Shape Copenhagens UNFCCC Climate Summit

Green Car Congress

August, 2009 : Switzerland and Italy agreed in principle to redraw portions of the Swiss-Italian border, established in 1861, that had shifted due to the recession of glaciers in areas where the border is determined by the area’s watershed ( earlier post ). “ Internationally, we reject legally binding emissions.

Climate 236