Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2014

At the US Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Annual Merit Review meeting in Washington, DC last week, Michael Ruth from Cummins noted that the DOE program target for the project is a fuel economy (CAFE) target of 26 mpg (9.05 Cost of the new engine relative to gasoline baseline. Exhaust system configuration. Earlier post.).

Fuel Economy 357

Fuel Economy Economy Gasoline Downsizing 357

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2021

If a ban were introduced on the sale of new gasoline and diesel cars, and they were replaced by electric cars, the result would be a significant reduction in lifecycle carbon dioxide emissions primarily due to reduced tailpipe CO 2 emissions, according to a new lifecycle study by researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.

Emissions 259

Emissions Carbon Manufacturer Sale 259

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 3, 2017

A team at the University of Birmingham reports that a blend of 33% v/v of butanol in EN228 commercial gasoline containing 5% of ethanol (B33) reduces GDI (gasoline direct injection) engine-out carbonaceous emissions, while maintaining similar levels of NO x emissions when compared to standard gasoline combustion at low and medium engine loads.

Gasoline 170

Gasoline Emissions Engine B0 170

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 2, 2019

Their paper is published in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. Regulated emissions for all test fuels over the cold-start and hot-start LA92 cycles. A fuel economy penalty was also observed for lower energy content E30 and E78 blends compared to both E10 fuels. Data presented as mean ± standard deviation, N=3.

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Pollution Fuel Vehicles Emissions 255

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 14, 2015

Researchers from Tsinghua University and Peking University have investigated the effects of fuel properties on particulate emissions gasoline direct injection engines (GDI). The study results, reported in the journal Fuel , demonstrated that the fuel composition has a significant on particulate emissions from GDI engines.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2018

The researchers assessed the gaseous, particulate, and genotoxic pollutants from two current technology gasoline direct injection vehicles when tested in their original configuration and with a catalyzed gasoline particulate filter (GPF). Yang et al. Click to enlarge.

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Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel Economy 253

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2014

Gautam Kalghatgi and his colleagues at Saudi Aramco provides further support a pathway for significant improvements in the efficiency of a gasoline engine (i.e., spark ignited, SI) by running it in compression ignition mode with naphtha fuels. Broadly, this approach is termed Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI). Earlier post.)

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Gasoline Fuel Light Diesel 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2011

The UK Universities of Birmingham and Warwick launched a new lab to support investigations into the dynamic aspects of combustion of alternative fuels, as well as gasoline and diesel, with the aim of reducing harmful vehicle exhaust emissions, particularly greenhouse gasses.

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Universal Fuel Land Rover Alternative Fuels 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2013

The European Union-funded PowerDriver project—a two-year, €3-million (US$4-million) research project initiated in February 2012 to turn exhaust gas waste heat into electricity using thermoelectric generator (TGEN) technology—has completed simulation work on on a potential automotive application.

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Exhaust Waste Land Rover Fuel 210

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 27, 2013

Based on on-road measurements in their study, a team from the University of California Berkeley has estimated that, as of 2010, light-duty (LD) gasoline vehicles were responsible for 85% of CO; 18% of NO x ; 18% of organic aerosol (OA); and 6% of black carbon (BC) emissions from on-road motor vehicles in the United States.

Gasoline 239

Gasoline Emissions Diesel San Francisco 239

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 24, 2016

A research team from Empa (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology) and the University of Applied Sciences Bern, Laboratory for Exhaust Emission Control, reports that ethanol blending appeared to reduce genotoxic emissions from a flex-fuel Euro-5 gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicle (a Volvo V60 with a 1.6

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Emissions Exhaust Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2023

Emissions from automobile exhaust systems have decreased in recent years due to the introduction of cleaner fuels and new control technologies on internal combustion engines, as well as increases in numbers of hybrid and electric vehicles.

Emissions 353

Emissions Pollution Exhaust London 353

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2012

A study by a team led by Dr. Dennis Assanis at the University of Michigan suggests that accessing the “thermodynamic sweet spot” in high-efficiency, dilute, boosted gasoline engines has the potential for vehicle fuel economy gains between 23% and 58%. Their paper is published in the International Journal of Engine Research.

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Fuel Economy Gasoline Economy Engine 236

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

the criteria pollutants and CO 2 that emerge with the exhaust from the tailpipe. However, there is more than 15 years of research showing that the contribution of non-exhaust primary particles to the total traffic generated primary particles is significant in urban areas. Further, a 2013 review by Denier van der Gon et al. Background.

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Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 8, 2013

A number of papers from Kalghatgi and his colleagues—and now other groups, including Tsinghua University in China and the Eindhoven University of Technology—have been published recently, exploring different aspects of this approach. 2) and will provide longer ignition delay than market diesel fuels.

Gasoline 207

Gasoline Fuel Range Diesel 207

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 10, 2014

Operating range of 2-stroke CAI fueled with gasoline, E10 and E85. homogeneous charge compression ignition, HCCI) combustion processes offer the promise of simultaneously reducing fuel consumption and NO x emissions. In addition, direct fuel injection is applied to avoid short-circuiting fuel during he scavenging process.

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Gasoline Engine Exhaust Fuel 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2014

In a paper in the journal Fuel , researchers at Tianjin University report on the use of cooled EGR to improve the overall performance of 2-methylfuran (MF) as an alternative fuel. When the cooled EGR rate reached 15%, the NO x emissions from the gasoline at a compression ratio of 10 was reduced by about 20.6 2014.04.054.

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Fuel E6 Alternative Fuels Gasoline 199

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 9, 2012

A team from National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan, reports that a low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) emissions control system for lean-burn engines can simultaneously reduce the high concentrations of NO x and oxidize hydrocarbon (HC) emissions. Concept of the SOFC emissions control system. Credit: ACS, Huang et al.

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Exhaust Engine Emissions Gas-Electric 225

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 8, 2016

Among their findings was that E20 offers higher peak load capability and thermal efficiency than gasoline. RCCI, a dual-fuel combustion technology developed by Dr. Rolf Reitz and colleagues, is a variant of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI).

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Wisconsin Exhaust Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 31, 2014

(Left) Thermal efficiency and ( right ) soot from different gasoline-butanol blends at different EGR rates. A study by a team at Tianjin University found that the addition of n-butanol to gasoline for use in a compression ignition engine (CI) under Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) conditions has a significant effect on soot reduction.

Gasoline 210

Gasoline Engine Exhaust Emissions 210

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 24, 2015

Achates Power, the developer of a family of two-stroke compression-ignition opposed-piston engines ( earlier post ), has been selected by APRA-E under its OPEN 2015 solicitation ( earlier post ) for an award of more than $9 million to develop a multi-cylinder opposed piston engine operating with compression ignition that uses gasoline as the fuel.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Engine Power Powered 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 11, 2019

University of Colorado Boulder researchers have developed nanobio-hybrid organisms capable of using airborne carbon dioxide and nitrogen to produce a variety of plastics and fuels, a promising first step toward low-cost carbon sequestration and eco-friendly manufacturing for chemicals. Ding et al. Yuchen Ding, John R. 9b02549.

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Light CO2 Power Powered 334

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2013

The effects of gasoline ratio on indicated thermal efficiency of HCII and GDBF modes. Researchers at Tsinghua University have compared the combustion and emissions characteristics of two dual-fuel (diesel-gasoline) modes intended to integrate the advantages of both fuels to achieve high thermal efficiency and low emission targets.

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Gasoline Diesel Emissions Fuel 281

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 17, 2012

Under laboratory-simulated diesel exhaust conditions, this mixed-phase oxide material was superior to Pt in terms of cost, thermal durability, and catalytic activity for NO oxidation. Nanostellar was founded in California in 2004 by scientists from Stanford University and NASA Ames Research Center.

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Exhaust Diesel Dallas Conversion 240

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 3, 2009

The dual-fuel PCCI strategy showed thermal efficiency of 53%. Emissions under the dual-fuel concept, at 11 bar IMEP. The horizontal axis shows the percentage of gasoline in the blend. Kalghatgi and his group explored both the use of low-cetane fuels and exhaust gas recirculation (SAE 2007-01-0006). Rolf Reitz.

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Wisconsin Gasoline Diesel Universal 225

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2013

The project aims to deliver full hybrid equivalent fuel economy and performance with less than 70 g/km CO 2 emissions as measured over the European Drive Cycle, but at a significantly lower cost. version of its vehicle (a 2009 Ford Focus) but with fuel economy and CO 2 emissions approaching those of a Prius.

Fuel Economy 239

Fuel Economy Diesel Economy Gasoline 239

Green Car Congress

APRIL 16, 2012

The gasoline-alternative biofuel candidate 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) ( earlier post ) demonstrates favorable characteristics to be an effective cold-start fuel, according to a new study comparing the ignition timing sensitivities of oxygenated biofuels to gasoline in a direct-injection engine, published in the journal Fuel.

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Fuel Gasoline Universal Exhaust 218

Green Car Congress

MARCH 20, 2013

A team from Brunel University, MAHLE Powertrain and University College London studied the combined effects of different inlet valve operating strategies on combustion, performance and emissions with different ethanol and 1-butanol blends with gasoline in a single-cylinder spark-ignition research engine equipped with a fully variable valvetrain.

Gasoline 225

Gasoline Exhaust Downsizing Engine 225

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2010

Professor Stan Golunski, Deputy Director of the newly established Cardiff Catalysis Institute , in collaboration with engineers at Brunel and Birmingham Universities, is investigating the feasibility of an on-board exhaust gas reforming system to improve combustion and recover waste heat. Energy Environ. doi: 10.1039/b927199f.

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Exhaust Waste Gas 2006 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 20, 2011

Fuel-based particulate matter emission factors (A: PM 2.5 mass, B: organic carbon fraction (OC/PM), C: elemental carbon fraction (EC/PM)), global warming commitment (D: GWC-Kyoto, E: GWC-All), and F: fuel consumption. The mean fuel-based PM 2.5 The mean fuel-based PM 2.5 Fuel consumption for PET-4S (3.8 g kg -1 (6.2-26.7))

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Gasoline Emissions Fuel India 287

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 10, 2015

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have investigated blending the benefits of reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) and gasoline compression ignition (GCI) using QuantLogic’s novel adaptive dual-fuel injector which is capable of direct injecting both gasoline and diesel fuel in a single cycle.

Wisconsin 150

Wisconsin Engine Fuel Gasoline 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 25, 2012

In 2010, The US Department of Energy (DOE) selected Delphi, along with partners Hyundai America Technical Center, Inc (HATCI); Wisconsin Engine Research Consultants (WERC); and the University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW) for a $7.48-million million grant to develop and to demonstrate a new high-efficiency vehicle concept. Earlier post.)

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Gasoline Emissions Exhaust Wisconsin 236

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2019

In a study on the effect of exhaust particles from aircraft turbine engines on human lung cells, Swiss researchers have found that cells reacted most strongly to particles emitted during ground idling. The study also showed that the cytotoxic effect is only to some extent comparable to that of particles from gasoline and diesel engines.

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Engine Emissions Switzerland Gasoline 321

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2016

A team from Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) has characterized the intermediate volatility organic compound (IVOC) emissions from on-road gasoline vehicles (LDGVs) and small off-road gasoline engines (SOREs). All LDGVs were tested using commercial summertime California gasoline and the cold-start united cycle.

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Gasoline Emissions Engine Exhaust 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 4, 2011

The A dvanced C ombustion C oncepts— E nabling S ystems and S olutions (ACCESS) is developing advanced combustion control concepts along with with an enabling system, subsystem and component level solutions for the management of multi-mode/multi-fuel combustion events. Click to enlarge. HCCI range extension with boosting. Source: Bosch.

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Fuel Economy Gasoline Light Engine 218

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 5, 2022

Researchers at Tianjin University have proposed a reactivity controlled turbulent jet ignition (RCTJI) based on a newly air-assisted pre-chamber turbulent jet ignition with a scavenging function to improve the reactivity in the pre-chamber. Air-assisted pre-chamber configuration. Zhou et al. —Zhou et al.

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Engine Fuel Exhaust Gasoline-Electric 195

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2014

Other research has shown that carbonyls directly influence physiological response to diesel exhaust particles and can also contribute to secondary organic aerosol formation. In the Tianjin study, they team fueled a four-cylinder light-duty diesel engine fueled with CFT and DF, identifying 13 individual carbonyl compounds in the exhaust.

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Coal Diesel Emissions Fuel 210