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Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

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Use of Hydrous Ethanol in Brazil. The oil price shocks of the 1970s led the Brazilian government to address the strain high prices were placing on its fragile economy. Brazil, the largest and most populous country in South America, was importing 80% of its oil and 40% of its foreign exchange was used to pay for that imported oil.

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Separate MIT, IEA reports both outline major expansion in role of natural gas; caution on climate benefits

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Natural gas use in the transportation sector is likely to increase, with the primary benefit being reduced oil dependence. Better communication of oil- and gas-field best practices should be facilitated. Transparency is key, both for fracturing operations and for water management.

MIT 210