2010, Climate Change and Ozone

Study finds global emissions of several banned ozone-destroying CFCs are increasing

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2023

New analysis has found increasing emissions of several ozone-depleting chemicals despite their production being banned for most uses under the Montreal Protocol—and a loophole in the rules is likely responsible. According to the researchers, emissions from these CFCs currently do not significantly threaten ozone recovery.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions Global Switzerland

Study suggests future climate changes to worsen air quality for >85% of China’s population; ~20k+ additional deaths each year

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2019

A study by a team of researchers from China, the US and Germany suggests that future climate change may worsen air quality for more than 85% of China’s population, leading to an additional 20,000 deaths each year. and ozone exposure, respectively. and ozone exposure, respectively. Projected changes in mean annual PM 2.5

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Ozone Future

Studies find global COVID-19 lockdowns have significantly reduced PM2.5 and NO2 pollution, but ozone up

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2020

Levels of two major air pollutants have been reduced significantly since lockdowns began in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, but a secondary pollutant—ground-level ozone—has increased in China, according to new research. Ozone is harmful to humans at ground-level, causing pulmonary and heart disease. —Guy Brasseur.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Global Iran

Study Concludes Warming Climate Will Increase Ozone Levels in Major California Air Basins; Climate Change and Regional Air Quality Are Intertwined Problems

Green Car Congress

JULY 22, 2010

Illustration of projected ozone changes in the South Coast region due to climate change in 2050. Areas in orange and red could see ozone concentrations elevated by 9 to 18 parts per billion. Our study reveals that climate change and regional air pollution are intertwined problems. Click to enlarge.

Climate Change

Climate Change Ozone Climate California

KIT study finds extraordinarily cold Arctic stratospheric winter enhanced ozone degradation above the Arctic

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2012

Extraordinarily cold temperatures in the stratosphere during the winter of 2010/2011 caused the most massive destruction of the ozone layer above the Arctic so far, according to a study by climate researchers at KIT (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology). Their paper appears in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.

Ozone

Ozone Kits 2011 Climate

California ARB and NOAA Collaborating in $20M Research on Interaction of Air Pollution and Climate Change; One Atmosphere Approach

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2010

Schematic diagram of the trade-offs between the implications for regional air quality and global climate change of new policies for management of the atmosphere. The complex roles that ozone and aerosols play in the atmosphere provide examples of such trade-offs. 2010 CalNex Science and Implementation Plan. Source: NOAA.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Pollution California

NASA-led study identifies unprecedented depletion of stratospheric ozone layer above Arctic

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 2, 2011

A NASA-led study has documented an unprecedented depletion of Earth’s protective ozone layer above the Arctic last winter and spring caused by an unusually prolonged period of extremely low temperatures in the stratosphere. The same ozone-loss processes occur each winter in the Arctic.

Ozone

Ozone 2011 Aura Davis

Urban CO2 Domes May Enhance May Increase Ozone and PM, With Accompanying Increase in Mortality

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2010

In a new study published online 10 March in the ACS journal Environmental Science and Technology , however, Stanford University professor Mark Jacobson finds that local CO 2 emissions in isolation may increase local ozone and particulate matter. Although the health impacts of such changes are uncertain, he notes, they are of concern.

Ozone

Ozone Los Angeles Pollution CO2

EPA Administrator Outlines Seven Key Themes for Agency in 2010 and Beyond

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2010

Lisa P Jackson, Administrator of the US Environmental Protection Agency, issued a public memo to EPA employees detaling “ seven key themes to focus the work of our agency ” in 2010 and beyond. The seven themes are: Taking Action on Climate Change. Improving Air Quality.

EPA

EPA 2010 Climate Change Mercury

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2020

That the reduction has not materialized—and that global emissions have instead risen—is a puzzle, and may have implications for the Montreal Protocol, the international treaty that was designed to protect the stratospheric ozone layer. This is not the first time that HFC-23 reduction measures attracted controversy.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone India 2017

UN report projects that increasing use of HFCs likely to have a significant climate impact by 2050; equivalent to current total annual emissions from transport

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2011

The decrease in CO 2 equivalent emissions of ODSs (ozone-depleting substances: CFCs, halons, HCFCs, and others) may be offset by the projected increase in their non-ozone depleting substitutes (HFCs) (lines designated as HFC scenarios). The contribution of HFCs to climate forcing is currently less than 1% of all greenhouse gases.

Climate

Climate Ozone Emissions Transportation

IPCC: GHG emissions accelerating despite mitigation efforts; major institutional and technological change required to keep the heat down

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2014

The UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released a policymaker’s summary of Working Group III’s (WG III) latest report showing that despite a growing number of climate change mitigation policies, annual anthropogenic GHG emissions grew on average by 1.0 GtCO 2 eq/yr in 2010. Transport sector.

Emissions

Emissions Climate Change 2000 Climate

Lancet Series Finds That Cutting Greenhouse Pollutants Will Have Major Direct Health Benefits Worldwide

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 28, 2009

The studies use case studies to demonstrate the co-benefits of tackling climate change in four sectors: electricity generation, household energy use, transportation, and food and agriculture. Climate change threatens us all, but its impact will likely be greatest on the poorest communities in every country.

Pollution

Pollution Climate Change Ozone Climate

More Reflective Roofs and Pavements Could Help Offset Climate Emissions

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2010

Although it does not solve the root of the climate change problem—substantial reductions in CO 2 and other climate forcers are essential for that—urban albedo can delay the onset of more severe climate impacts, and reduce the risk of passing the thresholds for abrupt and irreversible climate changes.

Climate

Climate Emissions Climate Change Ozone

Indo-US task force to study HFC phase-down

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

HFCs are chemicals are potential substitutes for ozone-depleting and climate-warming CFCs and HCFCs currently being phased out under the Montreal Protocol treaty to protect the ozone layer. The Joint Task Force will submit its report by 1 August 2011. The United States, Mexico, and Canada also proposed a similar amendment.

Micronesia

Micronesia Ozone South Africa India

GISS study finds applying stricter non-CO2 vehicle emission standards worldwide would yield climate benefits in addition to major health and agricultural benefits

Green Car Congress

APRIL 4, 2011

Climate response to non-CO 2 vehicle emissions. Global and regional zonal mean temperature changes relative to 2010 due to non-CO 2. Bars on the right show uncertainty ranges for 2070, including contributions from both forcing and climate sensitivity (67%; CI). Shindell et al. trillion avoided health damage and $US1.1-4.3

Climate

Climate Standards Emissions Climate Change

New international Climate and Clean Air Coalition to focus on reduction of short-lived climate pollutants

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 16, 2012

Global benefits from full implementation of measures for reduction of short-lived climate pollutants in 2030 compared to the reference scenario. The climate change benefit is estimated for a given year (2050) and human health and crop benefits are. for 2030 and beyond. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.).

Climate

Climate Pollution Clean Cleaning

US Climate Action Report to UN Projects 4% Growth in Total US GHG Emissions to 2020

Green Car Congress

JUNE 3, 2010

while the US GDP is projected to grow by 40%, according to the fifth National Communication on US climate change actions submitted by the US Department of State to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The United States released previous Climate Action Reports in 1994, 1997, 2002, and 2006.

Climate

Climate 2020 Emissions Climate Change

Study finds that under business-as-usual scenario, average global air quality to worsen; China, North India and Middle East are the hot spots

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 2, 2012

The team used a population-weighted multi pollutant index (PW-MPI), suited for global model output, with the atmospheric chemistry general circulation model EMAC to estimate the impact of anthropogenic emission changes on global and regional air quality in recent and future years (2005, 2010, 2025 and 2050).

India

India Global 2005 Asia

Study finds global rivers and streams emitting 3x IPCC estimates of the GHG N2O

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 22, 2010

That’s three times the amount estimated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Nitrous oxide is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and stratospheric ozone destruction. 2010) Nitrous oxide emission from denitrification in stream and river networks.

New Hampshire

New Hampshire Global Climate Change Ozone

Study Finds On-Road Transportation Sector the Greatest Net Contributor to Atmospheric Warming Now and in Mid-Term; Power Sector Takes the Lead by 2050

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2010

used a climate model to analyze the effects of a wide range of chemical species, including carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, organic carbon, black carbon, nitrate, sulfate, and ozone, from 13 sectors of the economy from 2000 to 2100. Bauer (2010) Attribution of climate forcing to economic sectors. Unger et al.

Transportation

Transportation Climate Change Power Powered

Study Finds Traveling by Car Increases Global Temperatures More than Traveling by Plane In the Long Term

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 4, 2010

Air travel results in a lower temperature change per passenger-kilometer than car travel on the long run; the integrated radiative forcing of air travel is on short- to medium time horizons much higher than for car travel. Per passenger-hour traveled however, aviations climate impact is a factor 6 to 47 higher than the impact from car travel.

Global

Global Climate Change Climate 2000

Calif. ARB releases GHG scoping plan update; more ZEVs, “LEV IV”, MD and HD regulations; ZEV for trucks; more LCFS

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2014

Mandatory regional criteria pollutant reduction targets will be established in the 2016 State Implementation Plans (SIPs) with expected reductions on the order of 90% below 2010 levels in the South Coast and similar reductions in the San Joaquin Valley by the year 2032. In 2014, ARB will propose enhancements to strengthen the LCFS.

Transportation

Transportation Emissions California Ozone

EPA says methane emissions from natural gas production have dropped 36% from 2007-2011

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2013

The figure includes the direct effects and those indirect effects due to the production of tropospheric ozone and stratospheric water vapor.) Overall, EPA reported a slightly less than 1% drop in methane (CH 4 ) emissions from 2010 to 2011 (from 592.7 12.6%) decrease under 2010 emission levels. a global warming potential of 21.

2007

2007 2011 EPA Gas

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2014

Compared to the 2010 “Business as Usual” scenario—which includes all adopted emission control measures for the South Coast—NO x levels must be reduced by 65% and by 75% to meet the 2023 and 2032 ozone standards, respectively. An 80% reduction of GHG emissions is targeted for 2050, relative to 1990 levels.

Climate

Climate Gas Emissions California

Study Finds Current Swedish Biofuels Offer Major Climate Benefits; Biogas from Manure the Best

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2010

Besides greenhouse gases, environmental effects such as eutrophication, acid rain, tropospheric ozone and emissions of particles were included in the study, along with emissions from the use of biofuels in light and heavy vehicles. Direct and indirect land use changes were also studied. (A A hat-tip to John!).

Climate

Climate Waste Climate Change Sweden

Study Finds Asian Monsoon Carries Pollution Into the Stratosphere

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2010

This could explain satellite measurements showing high levels of stratospheric ozone, water vapor and other chemicals over Asia during summer. When sulfur rises into the stratosphere, it can lead to the creation of small particles called aerosols that are known to influence the ozone layer. Science doi: 10.1126/science.1182274.

Pollution

Pollution Asia Indonesia Ozone

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Life cycle inventories have typically been presented at global, national, or regional levels—sufficient for understanding global processes such as climate change and fossil fuel depletion, but insufficient for the analysis of local processes such as air pollution, according to the researchers.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution

ARB releases proposed cap-and-trade regulation for comment; transportation fuels impacted in 2015

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2010

ARB staff reviewed four offset protocols and recommends that they be approved as part of this regulatory package: (1) the Urban Forest Projects Protocol; (2) the US Ozone Depleting Substances Projects Protocol; (3) the Livestock Manure (Digester) Projects Protocol; and (4) the US Forest Projects Protocol. Cap and Trade 2010.

2015

2015 Transportation Fuel Emissions

Study identifies Bakken Formation alone as responsible for ~2% of global ethane emissions

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2016

Ethane reacts with sunlight and other molecules in the atmosphere to form ozone, which at the surface can cause respiratory problems, eye irritation and other ailments and damage crops. A snapshot from a simulation of how Bakken oil field hydrocarbon emissions including ethane affect North American ground-level ozone concentrations.

Global

Global Ozone Emissions North Dakota

California Energy Commission adopts $100M investment plan for 2013-2014 for green vehicles and fuels

Green Car Congress

MAY 9, 2013

Funding priorities through the ARFVT Program support fuel and vehicle development to help attain the state’s climate change policies. million ZEVs on the state’s roads.

Green Vehicles

Green Vehicles California 2014 2013

Berkeley study identifies diesel as main source of vehicular secondary organic aerosols

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2012

Organic aerosol (OA) in the atmosphere is detrimental to human health and represents a highly uncertain forcing of climate change. The use of petroleum-derived fuels is an important source of reactive gas-phase organic carbon that provides key precursors to the formation of secondary OA (SOA) and tropospheric ozone.

Diesel

Diesel Los Angeles Exhaust Gasoline

EV Driven

Study finds global emissions of several banned ozone-destroying CFCs are increasing

Study suggests future climate changes to worsen air quality for >85% of China’s population; ~20k+ additional deaths each year

Studies find global COVID-19 lockdowns have significantly reduced PM2.5 and NO2 pollution, but ozone up

Study Concludes Warming Climate Will Increase Ozone Levels in Major California Air Basins; Climate Change and Regional Air Quality Are Intertwined Problems

KIT study finds extraordinarily cold Arctic stratospheric winter enhanced ozone degradation above the Arctic

California ARB and NOAA Collaborating in $20M Research on Interaction of Air Pollution and Climate Change; One Atmosphere Approach

NASA-led study identifies unprecedented depletion of stratospheric ozone layer above Arctic

Urban CO2 Domes May Enhance May Increase Ozone and PM, With Accompanying Increase in Mortality

EPA Administrator Outlines Seven Key Themes for Agency in 2010 and Beyond

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

UN report projects that increasing use of HFCs likely to have a significant climate impact by 2050; equivalent to current total annual emissions from transport

IPCC: GHG emissions accelerating despite mitigation efforts; major institutional and technological change required to keep the heat down

Lancet Series Finds That Cutting Greenhouse Pollutants Will Have Major Direct Health Benefits Worldwide

More Reflective Roofs and Pavements Could Help Offset Climate Emissions

Indo-US task force to study HFC phase-down

GISS study finds applying stricter non-CO2 vehicle emission standards worldwide would yield climate benefits in addition to major health and agricultural benefits

New international Climate and Clean Air Coalition to focus on reduction of short-lived climate pollutants

US Climate Action Report to UN Projects 4% Growth in Total US GHG Emissions to 2020

Study finds that under business-as-usual scenario, average global air quality to worsen; China, North India and Middle East are the hot spots

Study finds global rivers and streams emitting 3x IPCC estimates of the GHG N2O

Study Finds On-Road Transportation Sector the Greatest Net Contributor to Atmospheric Warming Now and in Mid-Term; Power Sector Takes the Lead by 2050

Study Finds Traveling by Car Increases Global Temperatures More than Traveling by Plane In the Long Term

Calif. ARB releases GHG scoping plan update; more ZEVs, “LEV IV”, MD and HD regulations; ZEV for trucks; more LCFS

EPA says methane emissions from natural gas production have dropped 36% from 2007-2011

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

Study Finds Current Swedish Biofuels Offer Major Climate Benefits; Biogas from Manure the Best

Study Finds Asian Monsoon Carries Pollution Into the Stratosphere

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

ARB releases proposed cap-and-trade regulation for comment; transportation fuels impacted in 2015

Study identifies Bakken Formation alone as responsible for ~2% of global ethane emissions

California Energy Commission adopts $100M investment plan for 2013-2014 for green vehicles and fuels

Berkeley study identifies diesel as main source of vehicular secondary organic aerosols

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