Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 16, 2013

Hydrogen is necessary in the upgrading of oil sands bitumen into synthetic crude, but it is a costly and carbon-intensive part of the process, given current hydrogen production technologies. MSG converts natural gas into hydrogen with a 23% reduction in GHG emissions compared to steam methane reforming. will receive a $C1.5-million

Molten Salt 231

Molten Salt Oil-Sands Hydrogen Oil 231

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 17, 2009

World production of fossil fuels—oil, coal, and natural gas—increased 2.9% million tons of oil equivalent (Mtoe) per day, according to a Worldwatch Institute analysis. Energy prices reflected this shift: oil peaked at $144 per barrel in July, then fell to $34 per barrel in December. Oil production reached 10.7

2008 150

2008 Oil-Sands Production Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 29, 2013

Depending on operating conditions, the system can produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide at pressures up to 2000 psig; or synthesis gas (i.e. In hydrogen mode, a high-pressure hydrogen stream, separated from the product gas, can be fed directly to an upgrading or refining process with little or no compression.

Molten Salt 303

Molten Salt Hydrogen Oil-Sands Idaho 303

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2009

At issue is the 2012 expiration of the Kyoto Protocol, a binding but effectively unenforceable 1997 treaty that had set greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets for 40 industrialized countries, referred to as Annex 1 countries, yielding an average GHG reduction of 5.2% A Portfolio Of Promises.

Climate 236

Climate Climate Change 2009 Emissions 236