Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 23, 2010

Cost of carbon abated for transport applications. Unlike biomethane produced by anaerobic digestion, Bio-SNG is formed by the conversion of thermally-derived syngas—i.e., Bio-methane retains all the attributes of natural gas, with the crucial advantage that the fuel is renewable, offering substantial Carbon Dioxide savings.

Cost Of 210

Cost Of Carbon Transportation CO2 210

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 12, 2017

The California Energy Commission is issuing a solicitation ( GFO-17-901 ) to provide up to $3 million in funding for innovative, pre-commercial low-carbon fuel production processes that result in the development of bio-oil as an intermediate fuel with wide-scale adoption potential used for renewable jet fuel production.

Oil 150

Oil Renewable California Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2011

While vehicle efficiency will be the most important and most cost-efficient way to reduce transport-emissions, biofuels will still be needed to provide low-carbon fuel alternatives for planes, marine vessels and other heavy transport modes, and will eventually provide one fifth (2.1

Transportation 225

Transportation Fuel Conversion CO2 225

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 6, 2013

Critical enablers requiring immediate development are: Flexible economic and engineering models capable of evaluating the wide variety of proposed approaches for alternative fuel facilities and supply chains. Current economic and engineering models were developed with assumptions that do not match those for alternative fuels.

Industrial 199

Industrial Industry Fuel Alternative Fuels 199

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 18, 2014

The price of ethanol relative to gasoline and crude oil were key determinants of the relative costs of the various finished fuels. The cost estimates noted above incorporate both volume and octane rating effects on refining costs. Conversely, increasing the octane rating of gasoline at constant ethanol content (e.g.,

Engine 275

Engine Gasoline Fuel Standards 275