Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 18, 2015

EPA has issued a notice of violation (NOV) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) to Volkswagen AG, Audi AG, and Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. liter, four-cylinder diesels include software (a “defeat device”) that circumvents EPA emissions standards for NO x. EPA call this software “the switch”. —EPA NOV.

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EPA Diesel California 2015 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 28, 2015

It’s striking, Lux said, that the US EPA, with its $8-billion budget and workforce of 15,000 staff, couldn’t catch VW, but a small team of researchers from West Virginia University could. The EPA has sided with OEMs, fearing that if the software is open-access, then consumers would modify it at the expense of emissions.

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West Virginia Diesel Lithium Sulfur Plug-in 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 11, 2017

Starting with the first model year 2009 of VW’s new “clean diesel” engine through model year 2016, Dorenkamp, Neusser, Hadler and their co-conspirators installed, or caused to be installed, the defeat device software into the vehicles imported and sold in the United States.

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United States Diesel EPA Emissions 150