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Team from GM, Ford, FCA reviews how to calculate engine efficiency benefits of high octane fuels

Green Car Congress

Alcohol and gasoline-alcohol blends also offer efficiency benefits independent of their octane value. Higher octane fuel improves the efficiency of today’s engines through reduced spark retard (from optimum) at high loads, and could enable even higher efficiency if engines were optimized for higher-octane fuel. Leone, James E.

Engine 150
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Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Green Car Congress

d) further provides for alcohol blends as follows: Special provisions for alcohol blends. (1) Initial tests conducted in Europe have confirmed that hydrous ethanol can be blended effectively with gasoline without phase separation or other problems. As used in this section and Sec. 40 CFR § 80.27(d) Brewster, S.C.,