Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2011

Advanced lithium ion batteries, sodium sulfur (NaS) batteries, and compressed air energy storage (CAES) are other key technologies that will be utilized for bulk storage applications during the forecast period. Balancing Li-ion capacity with market opportunities. Commenting on recent reports of Li-ion overcapacity (e.g.

Energy Storage 231

Energy Storage Grid 2010 Li-ion 231

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

As for warranties , there is legal precedent that original auto warranties cannot be voided completely by modifications — only the part(s) affected by retrofit will have their warranties affected. We will have similar solutions available for better (but more expensive) nickel-metal hydride or lithium-ion batteries.)

Plug-in 41

Plug-in Plug Hybrid Nickel Metal Hydride 41

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

Despite this, a 2003 EPRI study , assuming only $2/gallon gas , zero buying incentives, and a PHEV premium of $3-$5,000 more than standard hybrids, shows that the total lifetime cost of ownership for a PHEV will be lower than that of any other vehicle type -- so the payback will be there. The EPRI says lithium-ion batteries are ready now.

PHEV 37

PHEV Nickel Metal Hydride Prius EPRI 37