Alcohol Blend Congress Fuel Economy Resource 
Green Car Congress
MAY 1, 2009
A study by engineers from Mahle Powertrain Ltd and BP found strong synergy between spark ignition (SI) engine downsizing and fuel containing low-to-moderate amounts of alcohol, including ethanol and butanol. The team presented a paper on their work at the recent SAE 2009 World Congress in Detroit. Cairns et al.
Green Car Congress
MARCH 27, 2020
Co-Optima estimations indicate that significant fuel economy improvements are possible with improvements to RON, S, and HOV. The report highlights researchers’ answers to three vital questions: What fuels do engines want? Estimations indicate that fuel economy improvements are possible with improvements to RON, S, and HOV.
Green Car Congress
JUNE 28, 2019
While fuel economy ratings of today’s cars significantly outstrip those of just a decade ago, cost-effective efficiency improvements remain limited by existing engine designs and fuel formulas.
Green Car Congress
AUGUST 30, 2009
d) further provides for alcohol blends as follows: Special provisions for alcohol blends. (1) Ethanol (C 2 H 5 OH), otherwise known as ethyl alcohol, alcohol, or grain spirit, is a clear, colorless, flammable oxygenated hydrocarbon with a boiling point of 78.5 °C As used in this section and Sec.
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