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HEI study finds London Congestion Charging Scheme shows little evidence of improving air quality

Green Car Congress

The CCS was implemented in London in February 2003 with the primary aim of reducing traffic congestion by charging vehicles to enter the central part of London, defined as the congestion charging zone (CCZ). Finally, other changes occurring at the same time (e.g.

London 299
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Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Green Car Congress

Consumption of anhydrous ethanol has grown steadily since the 1990s, peaking in 2003. Brazil introduced its current generation of ethanol-powered cars in 2003, the same year in which anhydrous ethanol consumption peaked. Named flex-fuel vehicles (FFVs), these automobiles run on gasoline, ethanol, or any blend of the two. 40 CFR ยง 80.27