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UC Davis ITS researchers take a detailed look at water consumption and withdrawal requirements for ethanol

Green Car Congress

to 335 L/vehicle kilometer traveled (VKT) for Iowa and from 59 to 214 L/VKT for Nebraska. Water is required for crude oil recovery by water flooding, enhanced oil recovery via steam injection, and steam extraction of bitumen from oil sands and during refining of crude oil to produce gasoline. and from 0.29

Water 199