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Yale study finds asphalt a significant source of air pollution, especially on hot, sunny days

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B) Temperature dependence of total gas-phase emissions from asphalt, ranging from in-use (40 °C to 60 °C) and storage (80 °C to 140 °C) to paving and overheating (120 °C to 200c°C) temperature conditions (filled circles). Asphalt’s life cycle and temperature-dependent emissions. (A)

Pollution 337
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Researchers fully characterize reaction that affects ground-level ozone formation; a small but significant impact on predictive models

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The two combine in the atmosphere to make either nitric acid or peroxynitrous acid; the so-called branching ratio of these two chemicals is important in models of ozone production. This means less of the hydroxyl radical and nitrogen dioxide go away, leading to proportionately more ozone, mostly in polluted areas, Okumura said.

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NOAA, partners find about 98% decline in VOCs concentrations in LA Basin over last 50 years despite 3x increase in use of gasoline and diesel

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In California’s Los Angeles Basin, levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) pollutants have decreased by about 98% since the 1960s, even as area residents now burn approximately three times as much gasoline and diesel fuel. CO2 ratio for this flight track segment decreased from 24.5 ppbv/ppmv to 10.7 Source: Warneke et al.

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Pollution plumes in Paris air are richer in gaseous aromatic compounds than in LA; gasoline engines main source of VOCs

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The study also shows that the proportion of gaseous aromatic compounds—apart from benzene—in hydrocarbon emissions is two to three times greater in pollution plumes in Paris than in Los Angeles, even though the total quantity of hydrocarbons emitted in Los Angeles remains considerably greater than in Paris.

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Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

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Improving access to cleaner forms of transportation, like electrified public transport and active commuting by cycling and walking, would not only bring down NO 2 levels, but would also reduce asthma, enhance physical fitness, and cut greenhouse gas emissions. —Susan Anenberg.

Pollution 360
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EPA and DOT issue final Phase 2 GHG and fuel efficiency rulemaking for medium- and heavy-duty trucks

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The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the US Department of Transportation’s National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) jointly released the finalized Phase 2 greenhouse gas and fuel efficiency standards for medium- and heavy-duty trucks.

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Field study finds soot particles absorb significantly less sunlight than predicted by models; climate models may be overestimating warming by BC

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Still, scientists agree that black carbon in the atmosphere has a significant effect on global and regional climate, with earlier studies ranking the warming effects of black carbon particles second only to carbon dioxide gas. Cappa, a professor of engineering at the University of California, Davis, and Timothy B.

Climate 261