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France Launches 14-Point Plan to Accelerate Development of Electric Cars and Plug-in Hybrids; €1.5B for Charging Infrastructure, New €625M Li-ion Battery Plant

France

Jean-Louis Borloo, France’s Minister for Ecology, Energy, Sustainable Development and the Sea, presented a national 14-point plan designed to accelerate the development and subsequent commercialization of electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids in France. The government intends for its strategy to lead to the production of two million EVs and PHEVs (combined) by 2020.

Among the financial highlights of the plan are a public investment of €1.5 billion (US$2.2 billion) to establish a network of 1 million charging points by 2015 and the building of a €625 million (US$910 million) lithium-ion battery plant at a plant owned by Renault with a public contribution of €125 million (US$182 million) toward the total.

The 14 elements of the plan are:

  1. ADEME (the French Environment and Energy Management Agency) will launch in early 2010 a new call for projects on infrastructure costs, to support plug-in demonstrators and trials combining infrastructure, applications and target territories, and to validate the functioning of the ecosystem of rechargeable vehicles. Budget: €70 million (US$102 million).

  2. ADEME will establish early in 2010 a roadmap for specific new mobility solutions, dealing with developments in transportation of people or goods, based both on technology (new vehicles, dissemination of renewable energy, electric traction, etc.) and service (Vélib, Carsharing, Carpool, etc.) ADEME will then launch a new call for projects, with a budget of €25 million (US$36 million).

  3. Renault will establish a Li-ion battery factory in Flins, in partnership with CEA (France's Atomic Energy Commission), at an investment of €625 million. This site may produce more than 100,000 batteries per year. Bolloré, Dassault and Saft are also conducting parallel projects.

  4. A group of large companies and associations of local and state officials are committing to purchase electric vehicles with a range of at least 150 km. The public tenders and private joint purchasing will target a market fleet of 100,000 vehicles by 2015. The first 50,000 are already identified. Led by La Poste, the group includes EPA, Air France, Areva, Bouygues, Darty, EDF, Eiffage, France Telecom, GDF SUEZ, SNCF, SPIE, UGAP, Veolia, Vinci, associations and communities represented by Association of Urban Communities of France and the Association of Regions of France.

  5. A €5,000 grant for the purchase of vehicles with CO2 emissions less than or equal to 60 g/km until 2012. Hybrids with CO2 emissions are less than or equal to 135 g may receive a bonus of €2,000, as will LPG or natural gas vehicles.

  6. Availability of a standard outlet to charge the cars outside of the home. Specifically, no charge should be needed at home.

  7. By 2012 the construction of buildings (offices and homes) with compulsory integration of charging systems.

  8. Supporting the installation of charging systems in condominiums.

  9. Compulsory charge points in parking for office buildings by 2015.

  10. Agreement on common European charging standards.

  11. Municipalities to receive support to deploy the public recharging infrastructure.

  12. Organize the operational deployment of the network. €1.5 billion for public infrastructure.

  13. Maximize the use of low-carbon or renewable electricity for recharging vehicles.

  14. Giving batteries and battery materials a second life after their vehicular applications, either through reuse (in grid storage, for example), or recycling.

A French government working group on recharging infrastructure concluded that on-board charger should have a minimum capacity of 24 kVA (19.2 kw). This would enable the deployment of a universal infrastructure, independent of the type of vehicle.

Comments

Arne

First off, there is an error in this article where it says: a public investment of €1.5 billion (US$2.2 billion) to establish a network of 1 million charging points by 2015

The public investment of € 1.5 billion is for 4.5 million charge points in 2020. See the bar graph on page 16. The price per charge point is € 1000 (public + private).

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If they only realise less than half of their targets, that would still be impressive.

You should read the linked pdf. It's in French, but some of the projections are interesting.

They predict the market share of ev's at 7% by 2015 already, rising to 27% in 2025.

The cost of the battery for an 80 km range is estimated to be € 11,100. That seems a reasonable price for 2015.

clett

Take that America!

mahonj

It makes a lot of sense for France which has 79% nuclear energy which must be difficult to throttle back at night.

Charging millions of EVs at night would seem like a very good use for this energy.

+ they have 2 major car companies which they can support.

Probably the most important thing they have in the list is the development of common European charging standards.

If they can get this agreed, even if it is not optimal, EVs will have a brighter future, sooner, in Europe.

Arne

The French plan is to have 150.000 fast chargers in 2025. That is one for every 7 km of road (according to Wikipedia there is 1 million km of road in France). Who needs a plug-in hybrid or range extender if you can fast charge on practically every street corner?

Joe

"A €5,000 grant for the purchase of vehicles with CO2 emissions less than or equal to 60 g/km until 2012". I wonder what vehicles that might be.

Matthew

With their unions and their lazy 35 hour workweek, will they be able to install a million charging points in less than a human lifetime?

mahonj

@Joe
Nissan Leaf, all EVs.

@Matthew
Despite the crazy 35 hour work week, the French do get things done. They tend not to mess around so much when they are actually at work + they end up with loads of holidays at the end of the year.

The French have a lot to be proud of. They made a remarkable recovery since 1945.

SJC

It is a good idea to work smarter and not harder. Telecommuting at least 1 day per week for 10% of our work force could reduce imported oil, clean the air, reduce traffic congestion and stress. A more efficient use of resources is always a smarter way to go.

HarveyD

This is a very comprehensive, detailed, plausible plan to introduce PHEVs, BEVs, public and private charging points, enhanced batteries + recycling facilities throughout France, starting in 2010**

** China is introducing a similar 7 year plan soon. Many others will follow.

One should take the time to read the original French (or translated) full plan.

The French industries have to knowhow and facilities required to manufacture all the material needed.

A recent study revealed that the first 25% BEV fleet would not require any significant changes to power generation and distribution networks other than the installation of charging stations.

Articles 7 & 8 & 9 make it compulsory for all new homes, condoniums and appartment building garages and work places to have charging stations to eventually supply up to 90% of all re-charges.

For a similar plan to be as successful and have equivalent environmental effects in USA, the 625 existing coal fired power plants would have to be modified and/or progressively replaced with clean Wind, Sun, Geo-thermal, Nuclear or NG power plants. Distribution networks would also have to be progressively updated. None of that is a real challenge. It's just a question of priority and leadership.

Reel$$

"Who needs a plug-in hybrid or range extender if you can fast charge on practically every street corner?"

I wonder if this is what we really want? I suppose parking meter charging would be a benefit to those who do not plan their driving well. But to have to stop every 50-60 km to fast or slow charge a vehicle would be hard on people who drive for a living.

The technology that will win out will be that with the lowest footprint. EVs that ONLY need fast charging during long road trips are far more convenient than stopping regularly.

And for commuters, 90% of charging will take place at home overnight supplemented by work charging if needed.

Harvey most new homes in NA have 200-400A 220V service. The most that would be needed is a 200A 220V outlet if the fast charge power management is in-vehicle.

SJC

When I drive distance, I stop every 2 hours and take 5-10 minutes to fill up and wash the windshield. Some people have other habits, but if the quick charge can be done in 5-10 minutes every 100 miles, then it might just work.

nordic

Food for thought: the US is currently aprox 65% self sufficient in petroleum. The other 35% currently imported could be displaced by implementation of a BEV plan similar to France.

Conventional wisdom is the price of oil will keep going up. But it looks like the seeds are being sown for a collapse in the price of oil!

HarveyD

Reel$$:

Most domestic garages, in USA and Canada, have at best one or two 115 VAC/15Amps outlets. None have 220 VAC, 200 Amps outlets anywhere in the house.

Something like 220 VAC, 30 Amps or 40 Amps outlets could be installed in all new garages. Many existing garages could be upgraded with similar power outlet. Where the main power panel is already fully loaded, a power mizer + e-timer could be installed between the car charger and the kitchen stove or the electric hot water tank. Depending or the distance, electrician's cost, local regulations for cabling, load mizer requirement, type of timer used etc, that upgrade could cost something between $600 and $900. However, if done during construction, the extra cost would not be much over $300.

Overnight domestic charge stations could also operate from a standard 115 VAC, 15 Amps or 20 Amps outlet. That could be enough for a 10 KWh to 20 KWh charge in less than 10 hours.

ai_vin

When I drive distance, I stop every 2 hours and take 5-10 minutes to fill up and wash the windshield. Some people have other habits, but if the quick charge can be done in 5-10 minutes every 100 miles, then it might just work.

The last time I did a long distance drive (two days on the road) I started out trying to do it in 5 hour segments [full tank to empty] but after the first tank I realized that was a mistake. My legs[among other things] felt crappy. I did the rest of the trip looking for reasons to stop every 2 hours so I could stretch and walk a little.

Somehow the idea of stopping for a recharge every 100 miles doesn't worry me.

SJC

They say that siting in one position is not good for your body. Airline seats are just one example of this, experts advise that people get up and walk around a bit now and then.

Since most gas stations have electric power, I do not see why they could not have quick chargers. It is in the city that I questioned the use of quick charging. 1000s of cars quick charging at the same time could cause quite a load on the grid.

HarveyD

SJC:

Visitors, traffic jams, long detours, poor trip planing, bad weather, accidents, to name a few, may be legitimate reasons for a quick (in city) charge. Having quick charge facilities at all gas stations could take care of that.

Eventually most smart parking meters will be equipped with charging facilities to replenish the battery while shoping or ..... etc

MG

No developped country better protects their own companies than France. When some foreign company tries to take over their company, French government immediately steps in trying to protect them. Recently they organized merger between Suez and Gaz de France to prevent takeover of one of them.
In that regard Canada is the worst in protecting their own, almost all Canadian firms were taken over by foreigners, especially the mining ones.

This shows what can be achieved by joining forces with support of government. None of French companies is among the best in any of technologies for BEVs, PHEVs (without counting Japanese contribution via Nissan acquisition).

IMO Hyundai already makes better cars than either PSA or Renault (except for some diesel engines).

ToppaTom

Stopping every 2 hours is a good idea.

Having to stop every 2 hours is NOT.
It is much less acceptable than an Insight-1.

HarveyD

MG:

You may be right about Canada but south of the border may be doing as good a job as EU countries.

With regards to vehicle quality, I wouldn't run down the one you mentioned. Like Colombo, I drove one for many years (in Africa) with very little problems. As for electrified vehicles, don't be surprised to see many more French built BEVs on the roads than South Korean in the near future (2 to 3 years). In the long run, everybody will build and use BEVs. Would will build the most... probably China, India and EU. Time will tell... but it will not be Canada or USA. We like our noisy ICE monsters too much to change very quickly.

SJC

"The other 35% currently imported '

I think you have the numbers reversed. The U.S. imports 65% and supplies itself with 35%.

I won't debate the 2 hours idea, I was just commenting that the quick charge for trips might work.

This is how discussions on here get off track. Someone wants to argue a small point and there the topics goes, right off track.

The Goracle

.

France also gets 80% of it's electricity from nuclear power plants. They can afford to use electricity for high energy needs. We, on the other hand, prefer rolling brownouts and fanciful talk about windmills.

Take that America!

Praise be unto Algore!

.

The Goracle

.

The French have a lot to be proud of

As they watch their Musilim population riot and attempt burn down Paris. What an ideal society.

Fortunately they don't have enough nuclear power conspiracy nuts to have stopped the country from powering itself on nuclear power.

.

Arne

Reel$$,

I wasn't promoting the idea of EV's with a 50-60 km range. Can you give an example of one? The first iteration of EV's coming on the market will have a range well above 100 km.

I would say that an EV with a 300 km range would be perfectly usable if all gas stations along the highways have fast chargers. Most people (at least here in Europe) will exceed this range only once per year, during the summer holidays. Having to stop every 300 km for a fast charge will not be a dealbreaker considering the day-to-day advantages of the EV. Of course, there are always exceptions to which this doesn't apply. But I think they are just that: exceptions.

Arne

Goracle,

USA >500 prisoners per 100,000, France 100 prisoners per 100,000. What a safe and peaceful country you live in....

HarveyD

We seem to worry too much about first generation PHEVs and BEVs e-range. On-board e-storange units evolution will take care of that within one or two decades.

BEVs with 300+ Km range will be around by 2015/2020 and the 500+ Km range version will be around by 2020/2025. Those long range BEVs may be rather expensive until mass produced (5++ million). Eventually, BEVs will be simpler and cheaper than equivalent ICE to build and certainly to operate.

Goracles and friends may resist the change but it will come. They will have to leave their horses and buggies home and their ICE machines at the museum.

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