Emissions, Ozone, Pollution and Universal

York study: Less traffic in first UK lockdown reduced NO2 pollution but caused increase in surface ozone

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DECEMBER 27, 2020

Less traffic on the roads during the first COVID-19 lockdown in the UK led to a reduction in air pollution but may have caused potentially damaging surface ozone levels to rise, according to a new study led by researchers at the University of York. The 25–75% range is shown by the shaded area. —Professor Lee.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution 2020 2015

Harvard/Nanjing study: China’s war on PM2.5 pollution is causing more severe ozone pollution

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JANUARY 3, 2019

In early 2013, the Chinese government declared a war on air pollution and began instituting stringent policies to regulate the emissions of PM 2.5. Cities restricted the number of cars on the road, coal-fired power plants reduced emissions or were shuttered and replaced with natural gas. Over the course of five years, PM 2.5

Ozone

Ozone Pollution China Chinese

Study finds pollution emitted near equator has biggest impact on global ozone

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NOVEMBER 9, 2016

Since the 1980s, air pollution has increased worldwide, but it has increased at a much faster pace in regions close to the equator. They found that the increase in ozone burden due to the spatial distribution change slightly exceeds the combined influences of the increased emission magnitude and global methane.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Global North Carolina

Study: ozone levels higher across China than in other countries tracking the air pollutant

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SEPTEMBER 4, 2018

In China, people breathe ozone-laden air two to six times more often than people in the United States, Europe, Japan, or South Korea, according to a new international study published in Environmental Science & Technology Letters. 2017 for one ozone metric. The inset shows ozone trends in Beijing (red) and Los Angeles (blue).

Ozone

Ozone Pollution China South Korea

Study finds COVID-19 lockdown in China brought only slight reduction in PM2.5 and ozone

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JULY 29, 2020

Large improvements of air quality in China during the lockdown have been widely reported, but new research shows that two pollutants harmful to human health—fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and ozone—were only slightly reduced. and ozone were only slightly reduced or barely affected.

Ozone

Ozone China Pollution 2020

UB study finds link between ambient ozone exposure, artery wall thickness

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MAY 31, 2019

Long-term exposure to ambient ozone appears to accelerate arterial conditions that progress into cardiovascular disease and stroke, according to a new University at Buffalo study. The study found that chronic exposure to ozone was associated with a progression of thickening of the main artery that supplies blood to the head and neck.

Ozone

Ozone Los Angeles North Carolina New York City

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

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FEBRUARY 15, 2020

More than half of all air-quality-related early deaths in the United States are a result of emissions originating outside of the state in which those deaths occur, MIT researchers report in a paper in the journal Nature. Electric power generation is the greatest contributor to out-of-state pollution-related deaths, the findings suggest.

MIT

MIT Pollution Emissions 2005

China study connects ozone pollution to cardiovascular health

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JULY 17, 2017

Exposure to ozone, long associated with impaired lung function, is also connected to health changes that can cause cardiovascular disease such as heart attack, high blood pressure and stroke, according to a new study of Chinese adults. The findings associated ozone exposure with markers of platelet activation and increased blood pressure.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Connect Connected

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

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JANUARY 8, 2023

The Health Effects Institute (HEI) has launched two new studies funded under RFA 21-1, Quantifying Real-World Impacts of Non-Tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions. The new studies are: Improved Characterization of the Real-World Contributions and Impacts of Non-tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions ,” led by Greg Evans, University of Toronto.

Emissions

Emissions Pollution Exhaust London

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

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MARCH 1, 2019

A new study provides the most detailed picture available to date of the global, regional, and local health impacts attributable to emissions from four transportation subsectors: on-road diesel vehicles; other on-road vehicles; shipping; and non-road mobile engines such as agricultural and construction equipment. of global ambient PM 2.5

Ozone

Ozone 2015 2010 Exhaust

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

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JUNE 8, 2023

In a recent open-access paper published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , researchers from the University of York report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid account for a larger fraction of real-world vehicle emissions than previous estimates have suggested. —Cliff et al.

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

TOAR shows present-day global ozone distribution and trends relevant to health; public database

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FEBRUARY 6, 2018

Ozone levels across much of North America and Europe dropped significantly between 2000 and 2014. People living in parts of southern Europe, South Korea and southern Japan and China also experienced more than 15 days a year of ozone levels above 70 ppb. Source: University of Leicester. Click to enlarge.

Ozone

Ozone Global North America Colorado

University of Kentucky chemist receives NSF grant to study atmospheric reactions of pollution

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AUGUST 16, 2019

University of Kentucky Chemistry Professor Marcelo Guzman has received a three-year grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF) for research, education and outreach efforts in the field of environmental and atmospheric chemistry. Both types of emissions cause tiny particles to be suspended in air. —Prof. —Prof.

Kentucky

Kentucky Pollution Grant Universal

HEI study in Europe finds evidence of health effects at lower levels of air pollution

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SEPTEMBER 25, 2021

A major new Health Effects Institute (HEI) report presents a study examining associations between exposures to relatively low levels of air pollution and several health outcomes among participants in 22 European cohorts. particle composition. particle composition. Brunekreef B, Strak M, Chen J, Andersen ZJ, Atkinson R, Bauwelinck M, et al.

Pollution

Pollution Europe Ozone Boston

Study finds that current approach to limiting wintertime pollution may initially backfire

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MAY 10, 2019

The processes that create ozone pollution in the summer can also trigger the formation of wintertime air pollution, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder and NOAA, in partnership with the University of Utah. —Womack et al. To combat wintertime PM 2.5

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Utah Denver

Study associates long-term exposure to air pollution with increasing emphysema

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AUGUST 15, 2019

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants, especially O 3 (ozone), is significantly associated with increasing emphysema, according to a new study led by the University of Washington, Columbia University and the University at Buffalo. This work in the MESA Air study was led at the University of Washington.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Washington Universal

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

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JUNE 26, 2022

The rapidly growing space industry may have a greater climate effect than the aviation industry and undo repair to the protective ozone layer if left unregulated, according to a new study led by UCL and published in the journal Earth’s Future as an open-access paper. Effect of rocket launch and re-entry emissions on global climate forcing.

Climate

Climate Ozone Industrial Industry

Study: 25% EV adoption would save US $17B annually from avoided climate change & pollution damages

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AUGUST 18, 2020

A new study led by researchers from Northwestern University projects that if electric vehicles replaced 25% of combustion engine cars currently on the road, the United States would save approximately $17 billion annually by avoiding damages from climate change and air pollution. Results show that in more aggressive scenarios—i.e.,

Climate Change

Climate Change Pollution Climate 2014

Study quantifies impact of oil and gas emissions on Denver’s ozone problem

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AUGUST 12, 2016

The first peer-reviewed study to directly quantify how emissions from oil and natural gas (O&NG) activities influence summertime tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) pollution in the Colorado Front Range confirms that chemical vapors from oil and gas activities are a significant contributor to the region’s chronic ozone problem.

Ozone

Ozone Oil Gas Emissions

International study finds air pollution leads to millions of hospital visits for asthma attacks worldwide

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OCTOBER 28, 2018

Air pollution—specifically PM 2.5 , ozone and NO 2 —could be to blame for up to 33 million emergency asthma attack visits to hospital a year, according to a new open-access study published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives. Anthropogenic emissions were responsible for ?37% impacts, respectively.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone International Aura

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

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APRIL 11, 2019

About 4 million children worldwide develop asthma each year because of inhaling nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) air pollution, according to an open-access study published in The Lancet Planetary Health by researchers at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health (Milken Institute SPH). —Susan Anenberg.

Pollution

Pollution United Arab Emirates South Korea Las Vegas

Study finds US air pollution deaths nearly halved between 1990 and 2010

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OCTOBER 20, 2018

A new study led by researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill has found that deaths related to air pollution in the US were nearly halved between 1990 and 2010. This study demonstrates that those changes have had a real impact with fewer people dying each year due to exposure to outdoor air pollution.

Pollution

Pollution 2010 Ozone North Carolina

Study provides more insight into air pollution mechanisms that cause cardiovascular diseases

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AUGUST 24, 2018

Air pollution, and fine dust in particular, is calculated to contribute to more than four million deaths each year. While the mechanisms by which air pollutants cause cardiovascular events is undergoing continual refinement, the preponderant evidence support rapid effects of a diversity of pollutants including all particulate pollutants (e.g.

Pollution

Pollution Insight Ozone Cleveland

CARB, NOAA, NASA and San Jose State University scientists team up to study ozone transported across Pacific

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JUNE 17, 2016

As California continues to reduce local sources of ozone, ozone entering the state from the Pacific makes up a larger fraction of measured ozone levels. An ozonesonde is a balloon which measures ozone from the surface to more than 10 kilometers above the ground.

San Jose

San Jose Ozone Universal Transportation

New statistical method to detect ozone pollution hot spots and monitor instrument failure; combining PCA and MEWMA

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NOVEMBER 13, 2016

A new statistical method developed by researchers at KAUST (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia) can detect abnormal ozone levels within large bodies of monitored data. Ozone is the reactive form of oxygen that contains three atoms per molecule (O 3 ) rather than the normal two. Khadraoui, S. &

Ozone

Ozone Saudi Arabia Pollution France

EPHA: Coronavirus threat greater for polluted cities; clean air returning to cities in lockdown

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MARCH 17, 2020

Those living in polluted cities are more at risk from COVID-19, the European Public Health Alliance (EPHA) warned today. Air pollution can cause hypertension, diabetes and respiratory diseases, conditions that doctors are starting to link to higher mortality rates for COVID-19. The European Respiratory Society (ERS) is an EPHA member.

Pollution

Pollution Clean Cleaning Italy

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

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NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America

Study: consumer products overtake transportation as largest source of VOCs air pollution in cities

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FEBRUARY 16, 2018

Consumer products such as shampoo, cleaning products and paint now contribute as much to emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in cities as tailpipe emissions from vehicles, according to a new study led by NOAA. Total VOC emission factors for end uses of petrochemical sources in the study. McDonald et al. Click to enlarge.

Pollution

Pollution Transportation Production Los Angeles

Study: curbing diesel emissions could reduce mortality rates in big cities

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OCTOBER 1, 2019

Freight transportation is a pillar of the US national economy, but while long-haul trucks account for less than 6% of the vehicle miles traveled over US highways, they account for about 40% of the emissions of air polluting particulate matter and about 55% of nitrogen oxides, the precursor to ozone in the atmosphere, the study said.

Emissions

Emissions Diesel Ozone United States

Study finds São Paulo switch from ethanol to gasoline dropped local ozone levels by 20%, increased CO and nitric oxide concentrations

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APRIL 29, 2014

A study by a pair of researchers at Northwestern University found that when fuel prices drove residents of São Paulo, Brazil, to switch from ethanol to gasoline in their flexible-fuel vehicles, local ozone levels dropped 20%. Ozone levels are relatively high in São Paulo, with hourly concentrations above 75 and 125 µg m ?

Ozone

Ozone Gasoline Pollution Gasoline-Electric

PM2.5, O3 pollution associated with development of Alzheimer’s disease; new study identifies evolving axonal damage

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2018

and ozone at or above the current standards have been linked to neuroinflammation and high risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). suggesting long-term exposure to PM 2.5 , as well as ozone above the current US EPA standards, are associated with increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Exposures to concentrations of PM 2.5 g/m 3 in PM 2.5

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Mexico Montana

Study first to quantify amount of US pollution resulting from Chinese manufacturing for exports

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JANUARY 21, 2014

Average annual percentage of black carbon pollution related to Chinese exports. China is responsible for only a small percentage of the annual pollution in the US, but powerful global winds known as “westerlies” can push airborne chemicals across the ocean in days, particularly during the spring, causing dangerous spikes in contaminants.

Pollution

Pollution Chinese Manufacturer Ozone

Study: surface ozone in India in 2005 damaged 6M tonnes of crops, enough to feed 94M people in poverty

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SEPTEMBER 4, 2014

Ozone, the main component of smog, is a plant-damaging pollutant formed by emissions from vehicles, cooking stoves and other sources. New research shows that ozone pollution damaged millions of tons of wheat, rice, soybean and cotton crops in India in 2005. Smog in India. Credit: Mark Danielson/Flickr.

Ozone

Ozone 2005 India Pollution

Study finds rising temperatures increase risk of unhealthy ozone levels absent sharp cuts in precursors

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MAY 5, 2014

Ozone pollution across the continental United States will become far more difficult to keep in check as temperatures rise, according to new work led by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Ozone formation. Scenario A2 and RCP 8.5. The RCP 8.5

Ozone

Ozone Climate Change Pollution Climate

CU Boulder study: routine household activities generate air quality on par with major polluted city

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FEBRUARY 18, 2019

Cooking, cleaning and other routine household activities generate significant levels of volatile and particulate chemicals inside the average home, leading to indoor air quality levels on par with a polluted major city, according to a study by researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder. Earlier post.).

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Clean Cleaning

EPA awards $6M in research funding to improve air quality models

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JULY 10, 2020

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced $5,959,842 million in research funding to nine institutions to improve air quality models used to simulate ozone, particulate matter (PM), regional haze, air toxics, and emerging pollutants. It will also inform the development of strategies for improving air quality.

EPA

EPA Ozone Colorado Mercury

Study: air pollution causes 800,000 extra deaths a year in Europe and 8.8 million worldwide

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MARCH 12, 2019

Air pollution could be causing double the number of excess deaths a year in Europe than has been estimated previously, according to a study published in the European Heart Journal. Air pollution caused twice as many deaths from CVD as from respiratory diseases. The researchers found that air pollution caused an estimated 8.8

Pollution

Pollution Europe Cyprus Bulgaria

HALO research aircraft measuring the emissions of megacities in EmeRGe project

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MARCH 22, 2018

However, emissions do not just remain in conurbations; particles and gaseous pollutants can be transported thousands of kilometers by the wind. The aim is to better understand and predict the extent and impact of urban air pollution on Earth’s atmosphere. HALO in-hangar in Taiwan.

Emissions

Emissions Taiwan Asia Ozone

USC study finds particulate matter in air pollution affects thyroid development in fetuses

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SEPTEMBER 19, 2018

In a cohort study of a subset of 2050 newborns from the Children’s Health Study in southern California, researchers at the University of Southern California (USC) found that an increase of 2 standard deviations in prenatal exposure to particulate matter in air pollution was associated with higher newborn total thyroxine (TT4) measures.

Pollution

Pollution Los Angeles California Ozone

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

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AUGUST 29, 2013

Annual average concentrations of fine particulates from US sources of combustion emissions from (a) electric power generation; (b) industry; (c) commercial and residential sources; (d) road transportation; (e) marine transportation; (f) rail transportation; (g) sum of all combustion sources; (h) all sources. Source: MIT. Click to enlarge.

MIT

MIT Emissions Ozone Power

UCI-led study finds California’s strict air quality regulations have helped farmers

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MARCH 17, 2020

Researchers at the University of California, Irvine and other institutions have conducted a statistical analysis of pollution exposure and yields from 1980 to 2015 on a key sector making up about 38% of the state’s total agricultural output: perennial crops such as almonds, grapes, nectarines, peaches, strawberries and walnuts.

Ozone

Ozone Davis San Diego Pollution

Rice/EPA study finds ground-level ozone falling faster than CMAQ model predicted

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MARCH 11, 2013

Researchers from Rice University and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report in a paper in the journal Atmospheric Chemistry that particularly in Northeastern cities, ozone levels dropped even beyond what was anticipated by cutting emissions of NO x from 2002 to 2006. This is good news. Earlier post.).

Ozone

Ozone EPA 2002 2006

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

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MAY 1, 2018

NO x emissions have not been decreasing as expected in recent years (2011–2015) when comparing top-down estimates from satellites and surface NO 2 measurements to the trends predicted from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s emission inventory data, according to a new study by an international team of researchers.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA

Study uncovers role of longer-chain unburned hydrocarbon emissions from diesels in London air pollution; calls for regulatory shift

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 27, 2015

The study found that 60% of the winter primary hydrocarbon hydroxyl radical reactivity in London is from those diesel-related hydrocarbons; the authors predicted that the longer-chain HCs contribute up to 50 % of the ozone production potential in London. Dunmore et al. Dunmore et al.

London

London Pollution Diesel Emissions

York study: Less traffic in first UK lockdown reduced NO2 pollution but caused increase in surface ozone

Harvard/Nanjing study: China’s war on PM2.5 pollution is causing more severe ozone pollution

Study finds pollution emitted near equator has biggest impact on global ozone

Study: ozone levels higher across China than in other countries tracking the air pollutant

Study finds COVID-19 lockdown in China brought only slight reduction in PM2.5 and ozone

UB study finds link between ambient ozone exposure, artery wall thickness

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

China study connects ozone pollution to cardiovascular health

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

TOAR shows present-day global ozone distribution and trends relevant to health; public database

University of Kentucky chemist receives NSF grant to study atmospheric reactions of pollution

HEI study in Europe finds evidence of health effects at lower levels of air pollution

Study finds that current approach to limiting wintertime pollution may initially backfire

Study associates long-term exposure to air pollution with increasing emphysema

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

Study: 25% EV adoption would save US $17B annually from avoided climate change & pollution damages

Study quantifies impact of oil and gas emissions on Denver’s ozone problem

International study finds air pollution leads to millions of hospital visits for asthma attacks worldwide

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

Study finds US air pollution deaths nearly halved between 1990 and 2010

Study provides more insight into air pollution mechanisms that cause cardiovascular diseases

CARB, NOAA, NASA and San Jose State University scientists team up to study ozone transported across Pacific

New statistical method to detect ozone pollution hot spots and monitor instrument failure; combining PCA and MEWMA

EPHA: Coronavirus threat greater for polluted cities; clean air returning to cities in lockdown

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Study: consumer products overtake transportation as largest source of VOCs air pollution in cities

Study: curbing diesel emissions could reduce mortality rates in big cities

Study finds São Paulo switch from ethanol to gasoline dropped local ozone levels by 20%, increased CO and nitric oxide concentrations

PM2.5, O3 pollution associated with development of Alzheimer’s disease; new study identifies evolving axonal damage

Study first to quantify amount of US pollution resulting from Chinese manufacturing for exports

Study: surface ozone in India in 2005 damaged 6M tonnes of crops, enough to feed 94M people in poverty

Study finds rising temperatures increase risk of unhealthy ozone levels absent sharp cuts in precursors

CU Boulder study: routine household activities generate air quality on par with major polluted city

EPA awards $6M in research funding to improve air quality models

Study: air pollution causes 800,000 extra deaths a year in Europe and 8.8 million worldwide

HALO research aircraft measuring the emissions of megacities in EmeRGe project

USC study finds particulate matter in air pollution affects thyroid development in fetuses

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

UCI-led study finds California’s strict air quality regulations have helped farmers

Rice/EPA study finds ground-level ozone falling faster than CMAQ model predicted

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

Study uncovers role of longer-chain unburned hydrocarbon emissions from diesels in London air pollution; calls for regulatory shift

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