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ICCT study examines current & projected use of heavy fuel oil in Arctic shipping; growth in BC emissions points to need for policies

Green Car Congress

As described in Comer, Olmer, and Mao (2016), HFO poses a substantial threat to the Arctic environment, not only because HFO is extremely difficult to clean up once spilled, but also because burning HFO emits BC, a potent pollutant that accelerates climate change. —Comer et al.

Oil 283
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ICCT study finds GHGs from shipping on the rise

Green Car Congress

Ships registered to Panama (15%), China (11%), Liberia (9%), Marshall Islands (7%), Singapore (6%), and Malta (5%) were the largest emitters. The study highlights that three ship classes and six flag states (country of registration) are responsible for the majority of emissions.