Carbon, Ozone and Resource

Study finds COVID-19 lockdown in China brought only slight reduction in PM2.5 and ozone

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2020

Large improvements of air quality in China during the lockdown have been widely reported, but new research shows that two pollutants harmful to human health—fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and ozone—were only slightly reduced. and ozone were only slightly reduced or barely affected.

Ozone

Ozone China Pollution 2020

CSIRO study finds ozone uptake in oceans much lower than previously thought

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2019

CSIRO scientists have developed a new way to account for ozone in computer simulations of the climate. This latest modeling shows that the oceans take much less ozone out of the atmosphere than previously thought. Ozone (O 3 ) is formed by reactions of chemicals such as nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds—i.e.,

Ozone

Ozone Climate Global Water

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

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JUNE 26, 2022

The rapidly growing space industry may have a greater climate effect than the aviation industry and undo repair to the protective ozone layer if left unregulated, according to a new study led by UCL and published in the journal Earth’s Future as an open-access paper. The space industry is one of the world’s fastest growing sectors.

Climate

Climate Ozone Industrial Industry

Argonne researcher using hydrous ethanol as a dual fuel to lighten the carbon footprint of locomotives

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2022

The first is the Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO), which aims to advance combustion engine technology and simultaneously reduce criteria emissions, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and ozone. —Doug Longman, section manager of engine combustion research within Argonne’s Energy Systems division.

Carbon

Carbon Fuel Ozone Engine

Study suggests air pollution may be linked to heightened mouth cancer risk; PM2.5 and ozone

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2018

High levels of air pollutants, especially fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and to a lesser extent, ozone, may be linked to a heightened risk of developing mouth cancer, suggests a study by a team of Taiwanese researchers. A significant association was also observed for ozone levels below 28.69-30.97 µg/m 3 , those above 40.37

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Taiwan 2009

UNEP study: small number of measures targeting black carbon and tropospheric ozone could yield immediate climate benefits

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

Black carbon and tropospheric ozone are harmful air pollutants that also contribute to climate change. Reducing black carbon and tropospheric ozone now will slow the rate of climate change within the first half of this century, the study said. Click to enlarge. °C (within a likely range of 0.2-0.7

Ozone

Ozone Climate Carbon Climate Change

New statistical method to detect ozone pollution hot spots and monitor instrument failure; combining PCA and MEWMA

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2016

A new statistical method developed by researchers at KAUST (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia) can detect abnormal ozone levels within large bodies of monitored data. The monitoring methods can quickly and accurately detect ozone anomalies—localized spikes in ozone concentration indicated by sensor data.

Ozone

Ozone Saudi Arabia Pollution France

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2009

Reducing emissions of black carbon soot and ground-level ozone would quickly make a considerable dent in the climate change problem and would also contribute to public health and protect crop yields, according to an essay in the September/October issue of Foreign Affairs. Besides a danger to breathe, ozone lowers crop yields.

Climate Change

Climate Change Ozone Climate Carbon

Rice University team links PM2.5 and ozone levels with cardiac arrest

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2013

A team from Rice University and the Houston Fire Department EMS has found a direct correlation between out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) and levels of air pollution and ozone. micrograms) and ozone. They found a positive correlation between OHCAs and exposure to both fine particulate matter (airborne particles smaller than 2.5

Ozone

Ozone Universal Houston Pollution

Study finds São Paulo switch from ethanol to gasoline dropped local ozone levels by 20%, increased CO and nitric oxide concentrations

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2014

A study by a pair of researchers at Northwestern University found that when fuel prices drove residents of São Paulo, Brazil, to switch from ethanol to gasoline in their flexible-fuel vehicles, local ozone levels dropped 20%. At the same time, nitric oxide and carbon monoxide concentrations tended to go up. 3 , respectively, being 2.7

Ozone

Ozone Gasoline Pollution Gasoline-Electric

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2011

Fast action on pollutants such as black carbon, ground-level ozone and methane may help limit near term global temperature rise and significantly increase the chances of keeping temperature rise below 2 °C (3.6 °F)—and The climate change benefit is estimated for a given year (2050) and human health and crop benefits are.

Ozone

Ozone Carbon Climate Change Global

Study: surface ozone in India in 2005 damaged 6M tonnes of crops, enough to feed 94M people in poverty

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2014

Ozone, the main component of smog, is a plant-damaging pollutant formed by emissions from vehicles, cooking stoves and other sources. New research shows that ozone pollution damaged millions of tons of wheat, rice, soybean and cotton crops in India in 2005. Surface ozone pollution in India damaged 6 million metric tons (6.7

Ozone

Ozone 2005 India Pollution

Obama Administration withdraws proposed rulemaking on strengthened ozone standards

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2011

In a statement released this morning, President Barack Obama said he has requested that US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lisa Jackson withdraw the agency’s draft Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) rulemaking. Earlier post.) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).

Ozone

Ozone Obama Standards EPA

Researchers Find That Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Reduces Southern Ocean Carbon Uptake

Green Car Congress

JULY 9, 2009

Researchers in France have found that ozone depletion above Antarctica has significantly reduced the Southern Ocean’s ability to absorb atmospheric CO 2 and has also accelerated acidification of southern polar waters, despite lesser CO 2 uptake. billion tons of carbon was not taken up by the oceans. Earlier post.)

Ozone

Ozone Carbon 2004 Climate

Texas study finds PHEV use could increase ozone at night, decrease ozone during the day

Green Car Congress

APRIL 22, 2011

A study by researchers at the University of Texas found that in general, use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) can lead to an increase in ozone during nighttime hours (due to decreased scavenging from both vehicles and EGU stacks) and a decrease in ozone during daytime hours.

Ozone

Ozone PHEV Texas San Antonio

KIT study finds extraordinarily cold Arctic stratospheric winter enhanced ozone degradation above the Arctic

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2012

Extraordinarily cold temperatures in the stratosphere during the winter of 2010/2011 caused the most massive destruction of the ozone layer above the Arctic so far, according to a study by climate researchers at KIT (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology). These chemical conversion products attack the ozone layer and destroy it partly.

Ozone

Ozone Kits 2011 Climate

WHO issues new, lower Global Air Quality Guidelines for classical pollutants

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2021

When action is taken on these classical pollutants—particulate matter (PM), ozone (O?), and carbon monoxide (CO)—it also has an impact on other damaging pollutants. and PM 10 ), ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide. nitrogen dioxide (NO?) sulfur dioxide (SO?) Particulate matter (PM 2.5

Pollution

Pollution Global 2005 Ozone

Study finds some refrigerants less damaging to ozone layer can degrade to long-lived GHG CF4

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 3, 2015

Some of the substitutes for ozone-damaging chemicals that being phased out worldwide under international agreements are themselves potent greenhouse gases and contribute to warming. This work was supported in part by NOAA’s Atmospheric Chemistry, Carbon Cycle, and Climate (AC4) Program and NASA’s Atmospheric Composition Program.

Ozone

Ozone Colorado Gas Carbon

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

Cars’ average carbon dioxide emissions have dropped by 25% since the early 2000s, according to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), but this gas only accounts for part of the total. Resources Samuel J. —Cliff et al. While some VOCs are released in exhaust, others may arise from an unexpected source—e.g.,

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

Study Finds Ozone, Nitrogen Change the Way Rising CO2 Affects Earths Water

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2009

Through a recent modeling experiment, a team of NASA-funded researchers have found that future concentrations of carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere and of nitrogen in the soil are likely to have an important but overlooked effect on the cycling of water from sky to land to waterways. Credit: NASA. Click to enlarge.

Ozone

Ozone Water CO2 MIT

HEI study in Europe finds evidence of health effects at lower levels of air pollution

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2021

In the report, the investigators describe the development of new exposure models for all of Europe for four pollutants: fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), black carbon (BC), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), and ozone (O 3 ), as well as PM 2.5 particle composition. Brunekreef B, Strak M, Chen J, Andersen ZJ, Atkinson R, Bauwelinck M, et al.

Pollution

Pollution Europe Ozone Boston

International study identifies 14 key measures to reduce methane and black carbon emissions; reduction in projected global mean warming of ~0.5 °C by 2050

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2012

A study by an international team of researchers, led by Drew Shindell of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York City, has identified 14 measures targeting methane and black carbon (BC) emissions that could reduce projected global mean warming ~0.5°C All 14 would curb the release of either black carbon or methane.

Carbon

Carbon Ozone Emissions International

Study: 2/3 of aviation climate impact due to emissions other than CO2

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2020

Net warming from NO x emissions is a sum over warming (short-term ozone increase) and cooling (decreases in methane and stratospheric water vapor, and a long-term decrease in ozone) terms. Seen together, the climate impact of these two factors is bigger than that of the sector’s carbon emissions. —Lee et al. Skowron, M.R.

Climate

Climate Emissions CO2 Climate Change

Latest GHG Inventory shows California remains below 2020 emissions target; much steeper rate of GHG reductions required

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2020

California’s latest greenhouse gas data shows that while the state continues to stay below its 2020 target for emissions, there is much more work to do to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045. Source: California Air Resources Board (ARB). Total statewide 2018 GHG emissions were 425.3 million metric tons, compared to 424.5

2020

2020 California Emissions 2018

California Air Resources Board posts revised draft of strategy to reduce “Super Pollutants”

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2016

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has posted a revised draft of California’s proposed Short-Lived Climate Pollutant (SLCP) Strategy. Black carbon. With the reduction in on-road black carbon, regulators are turning to focus on off-road mobile, fuel combustion in the industrial and power sectors, and woodstoves and fireplaces.

Pollution

Pollution California Emissions Climate

California introduces first-in-nation rules to reduce climate “super pollutants” from commercial refrigeration, air conditioning equipment

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 14, 2020

The California Air Resources Board recently approved first-in-the-nation rules to curb the impact of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants. HFCs are synthetic gases that are used in a variety of applications, but mainly to replace ozone-depleting substances in aerosols, foams, refrigeration and air-conditioning.

Pollution

Pollution California Commercial Climate

Urban CO2 Domes May Enhance May Increase Ozone and PM, With Accompanying Increase in Mortality

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2010

In a new study published online 10 March in the ACS journal Environmental Science and Technology , however, Stanford University professor Mark Jacobson finds that local CO 2 emissions in isolation may increase local ozone and particulate matter. Not all carbon dioxide emissions are equal. Jacobson, 2010. Mark Jacobson. Mark Jacobson.

Ozone

Ozone Los Angeles Pollution CO2

CARB releases results of multi-year E15 study; multiple air quality benefits with slight reduction in fuel economy

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2022

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has released the results of a multiyear study evaluating exhaust emissions from the use of California Reformulated Gasoline (CaRFG) that contains 15 volume percent ethanol (E15). The vehicle test matrix had provisions for five vehicles on each emissions standards category (i.e.,

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Ozone

Study: 25% EV adoption would save US $17B annually from avoided climate change & pollution damages

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 18, 2020

Vehicle electrification in the United States could prevent hundreds to thousands of premature deaths annually while reducing carbon emissions by hundreds of millions of tons. Results show that in more aggressive scenarios—i.e., Peters, D. Schnell, J. Kinney, P. Naik, V., & Horton, D.

Climate Change

Climate Change Pollution Climate 2014

Northwestern/Princeton study explores air quality impacts of aggressive conversion to EVs

Green Car Congress

APRIL 15, 2019

Among the findings: Summer surface ozone (O 3 ) decreases in most locations due to widespread reductions of traffic NO x emissions. Across scenarios, we found the more cars that transitioned to electric power, the better for summertime ozone levels. Seasons and times of day. —Jordan Schnell. Schnell, Vaishali Naik, Larry W.

Conversion

Conversion Jordan Ozone Coal

MIT study finds air quality co-benefits of US carbon policies can significantly offset costs, depending upon the policy

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2014

The human health benefits associated with improvements in air quality related to the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions improvements can offset 26–1,050% of the cost of US carbon policies, depending upon the type of policy, according to a new study by a team from MIT. Carbon-reduction policies significantly improve air quality.

MIT

MIT Carbon Climate Climate Change

Study provides more insight into air pollution mechanisms that cause cardiovascular diseases

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2018

course, fine, ultrafine particles) and gaseous pollutants such as ozone, on vascular function. Key research questions focused on components of air pollution (particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide) that are particularly damaging to the cardiovascular system and mechanisms that damage the vessels.

Pollution

Pollution Insight Ozone Cleveland

California Air Resources Board adopts GHG cap-and-trade program; first auctions slated for Aug/Nov 2012

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 21, 2011

The California Air Resources Board on Thursday adopted the final greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions cap-and-trade regulation. Companies are not given a specific limit on their greenhouse gas emissions but must supply a sufficient number of allowances (each the equivalent of one ton of carbon dioxide) to cover their annual emissions.

2012

2012 California Climate Change Climate

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2018

The researchers analyzed extensive satellite and ground-based measurements of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. They found that levels of pollutants that can contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, or smog, have failed to continue a fairly steady decline as estimated by the US Environmental Protection Agency.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA

Up close and personal with Volkswagen’s e-Golf carbon offset project: Garcia River Forest

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2015

In 2014, Volkswagen of America announced that starting with the launch of the zero-tailpipe emissions battery-electric 2015 e-Golf ( earlier post ), it would invest in projects to offset the carbon emissions created from the e-Golf on a full lifecycle basis: production, distribution and up to approximately 36,000 miles (57,936 km) of driving.

Carbon

Carbon Personal Store Emissions

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Renault’s comparison of the carbon footprint of EV and ICE vehicles over production, operation and end of life. Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (kg Ethene equivalent). Quantifies the production of pollutant ozone (? to ozone layer), the results of the reaction of sunlight on NO x and volatile organic compounds.

Li-ion

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel

Stanford Professor Urges EPA to Include Black Carbon in Endangerment Finding

Green Car Congress

MAY 18, 2009

In testimony for the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) public hearing ( earlier post ) on the proposed endangerment finding for greenhouse gas emissions under the Clean Air Act ( earlier post ), Stanford Professor Mark Jacobson urged the EPA to include black carbon in the finding. F, with about 40% due to ozone. Earlier post.).

Carbon

Carbon EPA Pollution Ozone

Study uncovers role of longer-chain unburned hydrocarbon emissions from diesels in London air pollution; calls for regulatory shift

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 27, 2015

The study found that 60% of the winter primary hydrocarbon hydroxyl radical reactivity in London is from those diesel-related hydrocarbons; the authors predicted that the longer-chain HCs contribute up to 50 % of the ozone production potential in London. —Dunmore et al. Dunmore et al. Dunmore et al.

London

London Pollution Diesel Emissions

EPA report to Congress finds a strong scientific and technical foundation for mitigating black carbon emissions

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2012

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has submitted its final Report to Congress on Black Carbon , in response to an October 2009 request from Congress to advance efforts to understand the role of black carbon (BC) in climate change. —Report to Congress on Black Carbon. Report to Congress on Black Carbon.

Congress

Congress EPA Carbon Emissions

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2013

1,000 to 21,000) deaths due to changes in ozone concentrations. 900 to 11,000) ozone-related early deaths per year. 300 to 4,000) ozone-related premature mortalities per year. 2000 (90% CI: 0–4,000) early deaths from ozone, according to the study. 53,000 (90% CI: 24,000–95,000) PM 2.5 related premature deaths and ?5,000

MIT

MIT Emissions Ozone Power

California ARB releases final version of proposed update to Climate Change Scoping Plan; LEV IV

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2014

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) has released. The Air Resources Board is required to update the Scoping Plan every five years. Achieving our long-term climate goal and 2032 ozone standards will require a much deeper penetration of ZEVs into the fleet. The draft version was released in February. Earlier post.).

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate California Ozone

Study: curbing diesel emissions could reduce mortality rates in big cities

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2019

Freight transportation is a pillar of the US national economy, but while long-haul trucks account for less than 6% of the vehicle miles traveled over US highways, they account for about 40% of the emissions of air polluting particulate matter and about 55% of nitrogen oxides, the precursor to ozone in the atmosphere, the study said.

Emissions

Emissions Diesel Ozone United States

California ARB moves forward with climate and air quality actions

Green Car Congress

MARCH 24, 2017

On the first day of a two-day board meeting—the second day of which (Friday 24 March) will consider the Advanced Clean Cars Midterm Review—the California Air Resources Board (ARB) took a number of climate and air quality actions. emissions by more than 20%. emissions by more than 20%.

Climate

Climate California Ozone Pollution

California ARB releases concept paper for public review on reducing short-lived climate pollutants

Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2015

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) has released , for public review, a concept paper to initiate discussion on the development of a Short-Lived Climate Pollutant Reduction Strategy. Short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) include methane, tropospheric ozone, black carbon, and fluorinated gases.

Pollution

Pollution Climate Concept California

Study finds COVID-19 lockdown in China brought only slight reduction in PM2.5 and ozone

CSIRO study finds ozone uptake in oceans much lower than previously thought

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

Argonne researcher using hydrous ethanol as a dual fuel to lighten the carbon footprint of locomotives

Study suggests air pollution may be linked to heightened mouth cancer risk; PM2.5 and ozone

UNEP study: small number of measures targeting black carbon and tropospheric ozone could yield immediate climate benefits

New statistical method to detect ozone pollution hot spots and monitor instrument failure; combining PCA and MEWMA

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

Rice University team links PM2.5 and ozone levels with cardiac arrest

Study finds São Paulo switch from ethanol to gasoline dropped local ozone levels by 20%, increased CO and nitric oxide concentrations

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

Study: surface ozone in India in 2005 damaged 6M tonnes of crops, enough to feed 94M people in poverty

Obama Administration withdraws proposed rulemaking on strengthened ozone standards

Researchers Find That Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Reduces Southern Ocean Carbon Uptake

Texas study finds PHEV use could increase ozone at night, decrease ozone during the day

KIT study finds extraordinarily cold Arctic stratospheric winter enhanced ozone degradation above the Arctic

WHO issues new, lower Global Air Quality Guidelines for classical pollutants

Study finds some refrigerants less damaging to ozone layer can degrade to long-lived GHG CF4

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Study Finds Ozone, Nitrogen Change the Way Rising CO2 Affects Earths Water

HEI study in Europe finds evidence of health effects at lower levels of air pollution

International study identifies 14 key measures to reduce methane and black carbon emissions; reduction in projected global mean warming of ~0.5 °C by 2050

Study: 2/3 of aviation climate impact due to emissions other than CO2

Latest GHG Inventory shows California remains below 2020 emissions target; much steeper rate of GHG reductions required

California Air Resources Board posts revised draft of strategy to reduce “Super Pollutants”

California introduces first-in-nation rules to reduce climate “super pollutants” from commercial refrigeration, air conditioning equipment

Urban CO2 Domes May Enhance May Increase Ozone and PM, With Accompanying Increase in Mortality

CARB releases results of multi-year E15 study; multiple air quality benefits with slight reduction in fuel economy

Study: 25% EV adoption would save US $17B annually from avoided climate change & pollution damages

Northwestern/Princeton study explores air quality impacts of aggressive conversion to EVs

MIT study finds air quality co-benefits of US carbon policies can significantly offset costs, depending upon the policy

Study provides more insight into air pollution mechanisms that cause cardiovascular diseases

California Air Resources Board adopts GHG cap-and-trade program; first auctions slated for Aug/Nov 2012

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

Up close and personal with Volkswagen’s e-Golf carbon offset project: Garcia River Forest

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Stanford Professor Urges EPA to Include Black Carbon in Endangerment Finding

Study uncovers role of longer-chain unburned hydrocarbon emissions from diesels in London air pollution; calls for regulatory shift

EPA report to Congress finds a strong scientific and technical foundation for mitigating black carbon emissions

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

California ARB releases final version of proposed update to Climate Change Scoping Plan; LEV IV

Study: curbing diesel emissions could reduce mortality rates in big cities

California ARB moves forward with climate and air quality actions

California ARB releases concept paper for public review on reducing short-lived climate pollutants

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