Carbon, Global, Ozone and Universal

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2022

The rapidly growing space industry may have a greater climate effect than the aviation industry and undo repair to the protective ozone layer if left unregulated, according to a new study led by UCL and published in the journal Earth’s Future as an open-access paper. The space industry is one of the world’s fastest growing sectors.

Climate

Climate Ozone Industrial Industry

Northwestern/Princeton study explores air quality impacts of aggressive conversion to EVs

Green Car Congress

APRIL 15, 2019

Researchers from Northwestern University and Princeton University have explored the impact on US air quality from an aggressive conversion of internal combustion vehicles to battery-powered electric vehicles (EVs). Across scenarios, we found the more cars that transitioned to electric power, the better for summertime ozone levels.

Conversion

Conversion Jordan Ozone Coal

Study finds anthropogenic PM and dust undercutting global solar energy production

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2017

According to a new study led by a team at Duke University, airborne particulate matter and dust are cutting solar photovoltaic energy output by more than 25% in certain parts of the world, with roughly equal contributions from ambient PM and PM deposited on photovoltaic surfaces. Credit: ACS, Bergin et al. Click to enlarge. 7b00197.

Solar

Solar Energy Global Production

Study first to quantify amount of US pollution resulting from Chinese manufacturing for exports

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2014

Average annual percentage of black carbon pollution related to Chinese exports. China is responsible for only a small percentage of the annual pollution in the US, but powerful global winds known as “westerlies” can push airborne chemicals across the ocean in days, particularly during the spring, causing dangerous spikes in contaminants.

Pollution

Pollution Chinese Manufacturer Ozone

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2020

Despite reports that global emissions of the potent greenhouse gas, HFC-23, were almost eliminated in 2017, an international team of scientists, led by the University of Bristol, has found atmospheric levels growing at record values. As a result, they reported that they had almost completely eliminated HFC-23 emissions by 2017.

Emissions

Emissions India Ozone 2017

Study Finds Ozone, Nitrogen Change the Way Rising CO2 Affects Earths Water

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2009

Through a recent modeling experiment, a team of NASA-funded researchers have found that future concentrations of carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere and of nitrogen in the soil are likely to have an important but overlooked effect on the cycling of water from sky to land to waterways. Benjamin Felzer, Lehigh University.

Ozone

Ozone Water CO2 MIT

Low-lying and other vulnerable countries calling for fast action on non-CO2 global warming pollutants

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2010

Led by the tiny Pacific island of the Federated States of Micronesia, a growing group of low-lying islands and other vulnerable countries are calling for fast action on the approximately 50% of global warming that is caused by pollutants other than carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). million lives lost each year due to black carbon soot.

Micronesia

Micronesia Pollution Ozone Global

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

Controlling soot from fossil fuels and solid biofuels may be a faster method of reducing Arctic ice loss and global warming than other options, including controlling CH 4 or CO 2 , although all controls are needed, according to a new study by Dr. Mark Z. Jacobson at Stanford University. Mark Jacobson. degrees Celsius (4.5

Global

Global Ozone CO2 Pollution

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2023

The new studies are: Improved Characterization of the Real-World Contributions and Impacts of Non-tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions ,” led by Greg Evans, University of Toronto. Assessing the Impact of Non-exhaust Emissions from Traffic on the Asthmatic Airway (IONA) ,” led by Chris Griffiths, Queen Mary University of London.

Emissions

Emissions Pollution Exhaust London

Study finds global rivers and streams emitting 3x IPCC estimates of the GHG N2O

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 22, 2010

This new global emission estimate is startling. Nitrous oxide is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and stratospheric ozone destruction. —Jake Beaulieu of the University of Notre Dame and the US EPA, and lead author of the PNAS paper.

New Hampshire

New Hampshire Global Climate Change Ozone

Study findings suggest that switching from coal to natural gas would do little for global climate

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 8, 2011

Relying more on natural gas would reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, but it would do little to help solve the climate problem. It would be many decades before it would slow down global warming at all, and even then it would just be making a difference around the edges. —Tom Wigley. degree Fahrenheit (less than 0.1

Coal

Coal Climate Gas Global

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2019

About 4 million children worldwide develop asthma each year because of inhaling nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) air pollution, according to an open-access study published in The Lancet Planetary Health by researchers at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health (Milken Institute SPH).

Pollution

Pollution United Arab Emirates South Korea Las Vegas

Stanford Professor Urges EPA to Include Black Carbon in Endangerment Finding

Green Car Congress

MAY 18, 2009

In testimony for the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) public hearing ( earlier post ) on the proposed endangerment finding for greenhouse gas emissions under the Clean Air Act ( earlier post ), Stanford Professor Mark Jacobson urged the EPA to include black carbon in the finding. F, with about 40% due to ozone. Earlier post.).

Carbon

Carbon EPA Pollution Ozone

Test of Planet-Cooling Scheme Could Start in 2022

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 19, 2021

Up there, 10 to 50 kilometers above the Earth’s surface, ozone molecules absorb the sun’s ultraviolet light, protecting life far below. Eventually, they’ll add equipment to spray tiny aerosol particles of calcium carbonate, the compound found in limestone, blackboard chalk, and Tums antacids.

Ozone

Ozone Solar Climate Change Climate

Tohoku team finds swirling ammonia in combustion chambers can help reduce NO emissions

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2018

Researchers at Tohoku University in Japan have identified a way to reduce harmful NO emissions produced by ammonia fuel during combustion. The finding helps advance research into ammonia as an alternative to carbon-based fuels for cars, airplanes, and power generation facilities.

Emissions

Emissions Hydrogen Fuel Global

UC Berkeley study confirms that yes, EVs do what they promise to do

Baua Electric

APRIL 5, 2024

Researchers from the University of California, Berkeley , found that between 2018 and 2022, CO2 emission from all sources (industries, homes, traffic) across the San Francisco Bay Area dropped around 1.8% Around 70% of global CO2 emissions come from cities, yet few urban areas have granular data about where those emissions originate.

San Francisco

San Francisco Rhode Island CO2 San Jose

US and UK researchers report direct measurement of key atmospheric reactant; more rapid formation of secondary aerosols

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2012

Now, researchers from Sandia National Laboratory’s Combustion Research Facility, the University of Manchester and the University of Bristol report in a paper in Science the first direct kinetics measurements made of reactions of any gas-phase Criegee intermediate, in this case formaldehyde oxide (CH 2 OO). —Welz et al.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Change Climate 2012

Study projects net cooling of climate from ship emissions through 2050

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2012

Shipping-induced global temperature change in 2050 using different parameterizations of Indirect Aerosol Effect (IAE). Other than these emissions from combustion associated with main engines and boilers, there are also emissions of ozone-depleting substances (CFCs/HCFCs/ HFCs) from refrigerant and air conditioning systems.

Climate

Climate Emissions Ozone 2007

Study finds warming caused by synthetic greenhouse gases could outweigh climate benefits from phasing down CFCs

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2014

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)—commonly used in refrigerators and air conditioners—play a role in creating a hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica. However, more complete reporting of global HFC emissions is required, as less than half of global emissions are currently accounted for. —Rigby et al.

Climate

Climate Ozone Climate Change MIT

MSU team developing bio-isoprene for synthetic rubber production

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2012

Tom Sharkey, chairperson of the Michigan State University biochemistry and molecular biology department, believes isoprene, a gas given off by plants to help them cope with rapid increases in temperature that can occur in sunlight. His team also has created models to measure how much isoprene plants release on a global scale.

Ozone

Ozone Production Michigan Automobile

ICCT study finds that transitioning to low-GWP MAC refrigerants in China could avoid up to US$150B in costs

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2016

The competitiveness impacts of transition are expected to be minor and, because transition is already underway in the major US and EU markets, this transition cannot be avoided regardless of China’s decision-making if Chinese manufacturers wish to compete globally. These older systems used chlorofluorocarbons (CFC-12) as the refrigerant gas.

China

China Ozone Chinese United States

Study finds modifying urban form may be a strategy to reduce air pollution

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2017

Based on their findings in a new study, researchers from the University of Washington and the University of Minnesota suggest that modifying urban form—as a means of affecting motor vehicle usage—may be a strategy to mitigate urban air pollution. Their paper appears in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology.

Pollution

Pollution New Zealand Minnesota Ozone

Field study finds soot particles absorb significantly less sunlight than predicted by models; climate models may be overestimating warming by BC

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 1, 2012

Although viewed as a potential target in the global effort to reduce climate change, atmospheric black carbon particles absorb significantly less sunlight than scientists have predicted, according to a new study by an international team of researchers, published in the journal Science. Earlier post.). Earlier post.).

Climate

Climate Climate Change Carbon Boston

Life cycle analysis of three battery chemistries for PHEVs and BEVs; environmental impacts higher than expected

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2011

Researchers from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) have performed life cycle assessments (LCA) of three batteries for plug-in hybrid (PHEV) and full performance battery electric (BEV) vehicles. They also found higher life cycle global warming emissions than have been previously reported. Click to enlarge.

Nickel Metal Hydride

Nickel Metal Hydride NiMH PHEV Li-ion

Study Finds Asian Monsoon Carries Pollution Into the Stratosphere

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2010

The Asian monsoon circulation provides an effective pathway for pollution from Asia, India, and Indonesia to enter the global stratosphere, according to a new international study led by scientists at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colo. William Randel.

Pollution

Pollution Asia Indonesia Ozone

Study Finds On-Road Transportation Sector the Greatest Net Contributor to Atmospheric Warming Now and in Mid-Term; Power Sector Takes the Lead by 2050

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2010

used a climate model to analyze the effects of a wide range of chemical species, including carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, organic carbon, black carbon, nitrate, sulfate, and ozone, from 13 sectors of the economy from 2000 to 2100. Nadine Unger. Unger et al. —Unger et al. A hat-tip to Tom!).

Transportation

Transportation Climate Change Power Powered

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

The bill also establishes an interagency council to ensure an integrated federal response to adapting to the effects of global warming. Carbon Capture and Sequestration. The draft promotes development of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technologies to establish a continuing place for coal in the US energy mix.

Climate

Climate Standards Carbon California

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2012

GW = global warming; Eut. eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. Environmental impacts of gasoline and E85. Error bar shows regional variations for E85.

Gasoline

Gasoline Water Emissions Minnesota

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

A new study quantifying emissions from a fleet of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines and port fuel injection (PFI) engines finds that the measured decrease in CO 2 emissions from GDIs is much greater than the potential climate forcing associated with higher black carbon emissions from GDI engines. —Saliba et al. versus 6.3 ± 1.1

Fleet

Fleet Engine Global Fuel Economy

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Researchers from the University of Minnesota have produced a spatially and temporally explicit life cycle inventory (LCI) of air pollutants from gasoline, ethanol derived from corn grain, and ethanol from corn stover for the contiguous US (the lower 48 states). of all three fuels, but emits more black carbon (15 mg mi ?1

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution

Study identifies Bakken Formation alone as responsible for ~2% of global ethane emissions

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2016

The Bakken Formation, a shale oil and gas field in North Dakota and Montana, is emitting roughly 2% (about 250,000 tons per year) of the globe’s ethane, according to new study led by researchers at the University of Michigan. And they’re sufficient to explain much of the global shift in ethane concentrations. Click to enlarge.

Global

Global Ozone Emissions North Dakota

The Why, How, and Maybe Not of Geoengineering

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 16, 2022

Eliza Strickland: Man-made climate change is already reshaping our planet, and carbon emissions aren’t coming down fast enough to stave off real disaster in the decades to come. Strickland: Why don’t you focus on just cutting carbon emissions? Transcript. So those are really important, and those are a little bit different.

Climate

Climate IDEA Mariner Carbon

SCOPE Biofuels Project Releases Assessment on Environmental Effects of Biofuel Technologies

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2009

National programs for sustainable resource management will also have to consider the global land use associated with the domestic consumption of biomass products (agriculture, forestry) in order to limit the shift of environmental pressure to other regions. However very few studies include water use impacts. Menichetti and Otto.

Conversion

Conversion Water Emissions 2009

Lifecycle study finds that environmental impacts of silicon-anode Li-ion battery could be roughly comparable with conventional Li-ion battery

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2014

The results showed that more than 50% of most characterized impacts are generated from the battery operations, while the battery anode with SiNW material contributes to around 15% of global warming potential and 10% of human toxicity potential. Units of the X-axis values are different and shown under each impact category name on Y-axis.

Li-ion

Li-ion Batteries Battery Milwaukee

Researchers Determine Process Through Which Hydrocarbon Compounds Emitted by Trees Form Aerosols, With Impact on Human Health and Climate

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2009

Isoprene, a five-carbon diene formed naturally in plants and animals and a precursor of ozone, contributes more than 40% of these emissions. Global isoprene emissions from plants are estimated at more than 500 teragrams each year. The latest finding can support the development of better models of global gas-aerosol chemistry.

Climate

Climate New Zealand Denmark 2009

Here’s How We Could Brighten Clouds to Cool the Earth

Cars That Think

SEPTEMBER 7, 2021

Take, for example, the tens of thousands of fossil-fueled ships that chug across the ocean, spewing plumes of pollutants that contribute to acid rain, ozone depletion, respiratory ailments, and global warming. Second, we need more modeling to understand how MCB would affect weather and climate both locally and globally.

Climate

Climate Climate Change Solar Mariner

EV Driven

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

Northwestern/Princeton study explores air quality impacts of aggressive conversion to EVs

Study finds anthropogenic PM and dust undercutting global solar energy production

Study first to quantify amount of US pollution resulting from Chinese manufacturing for exports

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Study Finds Ozone, Nitrogen Change the Way Rising CO2 Affects Earths Water

Low-lying and other vulnerable countries calling for fast action on non-CO2 global warming pollutants

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Study finds global rivers and streams emitting 3x IPCC estimates of the GHG N2O

Study findings suggest that switching from coal to natural gas would do little for global climate

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

Stanford Professor Urges EPA to Include Black Carbon in Endangerment Finding

Test of Planet-Cooling Scheme Could Start in 2022

Tohoku team finds swirling ammonia in combustion chambers can help reduce NO emissions

UC Berkeley study confirms that yes, EVs do what they promise to do

US and UK researchers report direct measurement of key atmospheric reactant; more rapid formation of secondary aerosols

Study projects net cooling of climate from ship emissions through 2050

Study finds warming caused by synthetic greenhouse gases could outweigh climate benefits from phasing down CFCs

MSU team developing bio-isoprene for synthetic rubber production

ICCT study finds that transitioning to low-GWP MAC refrigerants in China could avoid up to US$150B in costs

Study finds modifying urban form may be a strategy to reduce air pollution

Field study finds soot particles absorb significantly less sunlight than predicted by models; climate models may be overestimating warming by BC

Life cycle analysis of three battery chemistries for PHEVs and BEVs; environmental impacts higher than expected

Study Finds Asian Monsoon Carries Pollution Into the Stratosphere

Study Finds On-Road Transportation Sector the Greatest Net Contributor to Atmospheric Warming Now and in Mid-Term; Power Sector Takes the Lead by 2050

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

Study identifies Bakken Formation alone as responsible for ~2% of global ethane emissions

The Why, How, and Maybe Not of Geoengineering

SCOPE Biofuels Project Releases Assessment on Environmental Effects of Biofuel Technologies

Lifecycle study finds that environmental impacts of silicon-anode Li-ion battery could be roughly comparable with conventional Li-ion battery

Researchers Determine Process Through Which Hydrocarbon Compounds Emitted by Trees Form Aerosols, With Impact on Human Health and Climate

Here’s How We Could Brighten Clouds to Cool the Earth

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