Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2012

Circle areas are proportional to values for (A and B) climate change, (C and D) human health (values for population over age 30), and (E and F) agriculture. Black carbon, a product of burning fossil fuels or biomass such as wood or dung, can worsen a number of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Source: Shindell et al.

Carbon 257

Carbon Ozone Emissions International 257

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 14, 2009

Noting the references in scientific and policy literature to the need for fast-action mitigation to help avoid DAI and abrupt climate changes, the authors define “fast-action” to include regulatory measures that can begin within 2–3 years, be substantially implemented in 5–10 years, and produce a climate response within decades.

Climate Change 186

Climate Change Climate Pollution Ozone 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2010

Schematic diagram of the trade-offs between the implications for regional air quality and global climate change of new policies for management of the atmosphere. The complex roles that ozone and aerosols play in the atmosphere provide examples of such trade-offs. Source: NOAA. Click to enlarge.

Climate Change 210

Climate Change Climate Pollution California 210

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2020

California’s latest greenhouse gas data shows that while the state continues to stay below its 2020 target for emissions, there is much more work to do to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045. All these climate programs have considerably more stringent emissions reduction targets starting in 2021. tons per person to 10.7

2020 221

2020 California Emissions 2018 221

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2009

Significant climate anomalies 2008/2009. Source: Climate Change Compendium. Ocean acidification caused by the absorption of carbon dioxide in seawater is already increasing along the California coast decades earlier than existing models predict. Global emissions were growing by 1.1% Click to enlarge.

Climate Change 259

Climate Change Climate 2007 Ozone 259

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 8, 2011

The study will appear next month in the peer-reviewed journal Climatic Change Letters. The study will appear next month in the peer-reviewed journal Climatic Change Letters. Relying more on natural gas would reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, but it would do little to help solve the climate problem.

Coal 334

Coal Climate Gas Global 334

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2013

While they do not deplete the ozone layer, many are highly potent greenhouse gases whose use is growing rapidly as replacements for ozone-depleting substances being phased out under the Montreal Protocol. Left unabated, HFC emissions could grow to nearly 20% of carbon dioxide emissions by 2050, a serious climate mitigation concern.

Saudi Arabia 199

Saudi Arabia Ozone China Brunei 199

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2020

Despite reports that global emissions of the potent greenhouse gas, HFC-23, were almost eliminated in 2017, an international team of scientists, led by the University of Bristol, has found atmospheric levels growing at record values. As a result, they reported that they had almost completely eliminated HFC-23 emissions by 2017.

Emissions 199

Emissions India Ozone 2017 199

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2009

Through a recent modeling experiment, a team of NASA-funded researchers have found that future concentrations of carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere and of nitrogen in the soil are likely to have an important but overlooked effect on the cycling of water from sky to land to waterways. Credit: NASA. Click to enlarge.

Ozone 186

Ozone Water CO2 MIT 186

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

Controlling soot from fossil fuels and solid biofuels may be a faster method of reducing Arctic ice loss and global warming than other options, including controlling CH 4 or CO 2 , although all controls are needed, according to a new study by Dr. Mark Z. Jacobson at Stanford University. Mark Jacobson. degrees Celsius (4.5

Global 230

Global Ozone CO2 Pollution 230

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2012

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has submitted its final Report to Congress on Black Carbon , in response to an October 2009 request from Congress to advance efforts to understand the role of black carbon (BC) in climate change. —Report to Congress on Black Carbon. Click to enlarge. Source: EPA.

Congress 252

Congress EPA Carbon Emissions 252

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2017

Percent reduction in visible solar energy due to ambient PM (plus a small contribution from ozone) (A), only dust PM deposition (B) deposition of all PM components (C), and atmospheric and deposited combined (D; note change in scale). Credit: ACS, Bergin et al. Click to enlarge. —Michael Bergin. —Michael Bergin.

Solar 218

Solar Energy Global Production 218

Green Car Congress

JUNE 9, 2013

A global phase down of HFCs could potentially reduce some 90 gigatons of CO 2 equivalent by 2050, equal to roughly two years worth of current global greenhouse gas emissions. While they do not deplete the ozone layer, many are highly potent greenhouse gases.

United States 218

United States Ozone China Climate Change 218

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 19, 2021

Up there, 10 to 50 kilometers above the Earth’s surface, ozone molecules absorb the sun’s ultraviolet light, protecting life far below. Eventually, they’ll add equipment to spray tiny aerosol particles of calcium carbonate, the compound found in limestone, blackboard chalk, and Tums antacids.

Ozone 116

Ozone Solar Climate Change Climate 116

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 2, 2012

Following this BAU scenario, the researchers projected that air quality for the global average citizen in 2050 would be almost comparable to that for the average citizen in East Asia in the year 2005—an outcome which underscores the need to pursue emission reductions, according to the authors. —Pozzer et al.

India 240

India Global 2005 Asia 240

Cars That Think

NOVEMBER 16, 2021

The leaders of the world have just returned from the UN's latest climate change summit, COP26 , in which the countries that have signed on to the Paris Agreement upped their commitments to fight climate change. C by the year 2100 , according to Climate Action Tracker. C above pre-industrial levels.

Climate 140

Climate Climate Change Mariner Pollution 140

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2014

Decomposition of the decadal change in total global CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion by four driving factors; population, income (GDP) per capita, energy intensity of GDP and carbon intensity of energy. giga tonne carbon dioxide equivalent (GtCO 2 eq) (2.2%) per year from 2000 to 2010 compared to 0.4

Emissions 257

Emissions Climate Change 2000 Climate 257

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 22, 2010

That’s three times the amount estimated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This new global emission estimate is startling. Nitrous oxide is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and stratospheric ozone destruction.

New Hampshire 199

New Hampshire Global Climate Change Ozone 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 4, 2010

Temperature change per transport work by mode for various years after the emissions: per passenger kilometer for passenger travel (left) and per ton-kilometer for freight transport (right). Global average values for the year 2000. Car travel emits more carbon dioxide than air travel per passenger mile. Bars represent 1 SD.

Global 225

Global Climate Change Climate 2000 225

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2011

The decrease in CO 2 equivalent emissions of ODSs (ozone-depleting substances: CFCs, halons, HCFCs, and others) may be offset by the projected increase in their non-ozone depleting substitutes (HFCs) (lines designated as HFC scenarios). Climate and the Ozone Layer. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge.

Climate 287

Climate Ozone Emissions Transportation 287

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 16, 2012

Global benefits from full implementation of measures for reduction of short-lived climate pollutants in 2030 compared to the reference scenario. The climate change benefit is estimated for a given year (2050) and human health and crop benefits are. for 2030 and beyond. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.).

Climate 210

Climate Pollution Clean Cleaning 210

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2009

From: Geoengineering the Climate (2009) Click to enlarge. Unless emissions of carbon dioxide can be greatly reduced—i.e., Unless emissions of carbon dioxide can be greatly reduced—i.e., Geoengineering is defined as the deliberate large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climate system in order to moderate global warming.

Climate Change 186

Climate Change Climate Price International 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 18, 2009

In testimony for the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) public hearing ( earlier post ) on the proposed endangerment finding for greenhouse gas emissions under the Clean Air Act ( earlier post ), Stanford Professor Mark Jacobson urged the EPA to include black carbon in the finding. F, with about 40% due to ozone. Earlier post.).

Carbon 150

Carbon EPA Pollution Ozone 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 10, 2013

The short-lived climate pollutants (also called super pollutants) include black carbon, a primary component of soot; tropospheric ozone, the principle component of urban smog; methane; and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). C in projected cumulative warming by 2050 and 1.1 °C C or more projected warming by 2100, IGSD says.

Pollution 199

Pollution Emissions Ozone Climate Change 199

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 28, 2009

The studies use case studies to demonstrate the co-benefits of tackling climate change in four sectors: electricity generation, household energy use, transportation, and food and agriculture. Climate change threatens us all, but its impact will likely be greatest on the poorest communities in every country. —Kirk R.

Pollution 210

Pollution Climate Change Ozone Climate 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2014

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)—commonly used in refrigerators and air conditioners—play a role in creating a hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica. However, more complete reporting of global HFC emissions is required, as less than half of global emissions are currently accounted for. —Rigby et al.

Climate 199

Climate Ozone Climate Change MIT 199

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2013

A new report prepared by the World Bank at the request of the G8 identifies ways that the World Bank can do more through its projects to reduce the emission of short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs): black carbon, methane, tropospheric ozone, and fluorinated gases known as HFCs. Black carbon Climate Change Emissions'

Pollution 210

Pollution Climate Transportation Climate Change 210

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2009

The 100-year global warming potentials (GWPs) for methane, CO, and NO x (per Tg N) as given in the AR4 and in this study when including no aerosol response; the direct radiative effect of aerosol responses; and the direct+indirect radiative effects of aerosol responses. Source: Shindell at al. Click to enlarge. Shindell et al.

Climate Change 268

Climate Change Climate Ozone Pollution 268

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2012

The researchers believe the measurements will substantially impact the understanding of atmospheric chemistry mechanisms—in particular, in the more rapid formation of secondary aerosols, important in the formation of local smog as well as in global climate change. Carl Percival. —Welz et al. —Marston (2012).

Ozone 268

Ozone Climate Change Climate 2012 268

Green Car Congress

APRIL 4, 2011

Climate response to non-CO 2 vehicle emissions. Global and regional zonal mean temperature changes relative to 2010 due to non-CO 2. Bars on the right show uncertainty ranges for 2070, including contributions from both forcing and climate sensitivity (67%; CI). Shindell et al. trillion avoided health damage and $US1.1-4.3

Climate 231

Climate Standards Emissions Climate Change 231

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2009

The proposed cause or contribute finding concludes that that the combined emissions of CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O, and HFCs from new motor vehicles and motor vehicle engines contribute to the atmospheric concentrations of these key greenhouse gases and hence to the threat of climate change.

EPA 150

EPA Climate Change Ozone Motor 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2018

The finding helps advance research into ammonia as an alternative to carbon-based fuels for cars, airplanes, and power generation facilities. Although the space and time-averaged emission (STAE) of NO was found to decrease with increase in the global equivalence ratio (global ?) Left: Vortex structures of swirling flows.

Emissions 308

Emissions Hydrogen Fuel Global 308

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 1, 2012

Although viewed as a potential target in the global effort to reduce climate change, atmospheric black carbon particles absorb significantly less sunlight than scientists have predicted, according to a new study by an international team of researchers, published in the journal Science. Earlier post.).

Climate 261

Climate Climate Change Carbon Boston 261

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2015

In 2014, Volkswagen of America announced that starting with the launch of the zero-tailpipe emissions battery-electric 2015 e-Golf ( earlier post ), it would invest in projects to offset the carbon emissions created from the e-Golf on a full lifecycle basis: production, distribution and up to approximately 36,000 miles (57,936 km) of driving.

Carbon 150

Carbon Personal Store Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 24, 2017

CARB also adopted a new plan to curb destructive “super pollutants” including black carbon, fluorinated gases and methane. The plan, California’s Short-lived Climate Pollutant Reduction Strategy, maps out the route to more rapid greenhouse gas reductions by clamping down on these super pollutants. emissions by more than 20%.

Climate 199

Climate California Ozone Pollution 199

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 31, 2017

Concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere surged at a record-breaking speed in 2016 to the highest level in 800,000 years, according to the World Meteorological Organization’s Greenhouse Gas Bulletin. Globally averaged concentrations of CO 2 reached 403.3 Globally averaged concentrations for CO 2 reached 403.3

2016 186

2016 Climate Climate Change 2015 186

Green Car Congress

JUNE 20, 2011

The data are updated monthly from analyses of air measurements at Cape Grim, which, under baseline conditions, experiences some of the cleanest air in the world and accurately reflects global changes in greenhouse gases. Data for the synthetic greenhouse and ozone depleting gases, such as CFCs, also are available.

Ozone 210

Ozone Climate Change Mariner Carbon 210