2018 and Ozone - EV Driven

Harvard/Nanjing study: China’s war on PM2.5 pollution is causing more severe ozone pollution

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 3, 2019

pollution is falling, harmful ground-level ozone pollution is on the rise, especially in large cities. Ozone is the main ingredient in smog and has been studied since it began choking cities in the US in the early 1950s. There was so much particulate matter in Chinese cities that it stunted the ozone production. Ke Li, Daniel J.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution China Chinese

Study explores mechanisms of effects of personal ozone exposure on blood pressure and vascular endothelial function

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2018

A research team in China conducted a longitudinal panel study among 43 non-smoking college students in Shanghai to explore the effects of personal ozone exposure on blood pressure (BP), vascular endothelial function, and the potential molecular mechanisms. —Xia et al. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b03044. 8b03044.

Ozone

Ozone Personal 2018 Convert

Study: ozone levels higher across China than in other countries tracking the air pollutant

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2018

In China, people breathe ozone-laden air two to six times more often than people in the United States, Europe, Japan, or South Korea, according to a new international study published in Environmental Science & Technology Letters. 2017 for one ozone metric. The inset shows ozone trends in Beijing (red) and Los Angeles (blue).

Ozone

Ozone Pollution China South Korea

TOAR shows present-day global ozone distribution and trends relevant to health; public database

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 6, 2018

Ozone levels across much of North America and Europe dropped significantly between 2000 and 2014. People living in parts of southern Europe, South Korea and southern Japan and China also experienced more than 15 days a year of ozone levels above 70 ppb. Trends in daily maximum ozone levels (known as 4MDA8) at urban and non-urban sites.

Ozone

Ozone Global North America Colorado

CSIRO study finds ozone uptake in oceans much lower than previously thought

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2019

CSIRO scientists have developed a new way to account for ozone in computer simulations of the climate. This latest modeling shows that the oceans take much less ozone out of the atmosphere than previously thought. Ozone (O 3 ) is formed by reactions of chemicals such as nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds—i.e.,

Ozone

Ozone Climate Global Water

Study suggests air pollution may be linked to heightened mouth cancer risk; PM2.5 and ozone

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2018

High levels of air pollutants, especially fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and to a lesser extent, ozone, may be linked to a heightened risk of developing mouth cancer, suggests a study by a team of Taiwanese researchers. A significant association was also observed for ozone levels below 28.69-30.97 µg/m 3 , those above 40.37

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Taiwan 2009

Study finds rising emissions of ozone-depleting CFC-11, banned by Montreal Protocol

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2018

Emissions of one of the chemicals most responsible for the Antarctic ozone hole are on the rise, despite an international treaty that required an end to its production in 2010, a new study by researchers at NOAA and their colleagues shows. —NOAA scientist Stephen Montzka, lead author of the paper.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions 2002 2010

Duke/York study finds long-term exposure to ozone has significant impacts on human health, but lower than prior modeling results

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 12, 2018

A team from Duke University in the US and University of York in the UK have utilized a novel method to estimate long-term ozone exposure and previously reported epidemiological results to quantify the health burden from long-term ozone exposure in three major regions of the world. —Karl Seltzer. Karl M Seltzer et al.

Ozone

Ozone 2015 United States Europe

Study: 2/3 of aviation climate impact due to emissions other than CO2

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2020

In the new study, we have analyzed 20 years of aviation emissions, up until and including 2018. Net warming from NO x emissions is a sum over warming (short-term ozone increase) and cooling (decreases in methane and stratospheric water vapor, and a long-term decrease in ozone) terms. For 2018 the net aviation ERF is +100.9

Climate

Climate Emissions CO2 Climate Change

Texas study finds PHEV use could increase ozone at night, decrease ozone during the day

Green Car Congress

APRIL 22, 2011

A study by researchers at the University of Texas found that in general, use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) can lead to an increase in ozone during nighttime hours (due to decreased scavenging from both vehicles and EGU stacks) and a decrease in ozone during daytime hours.

Ozone

Ozone PHEV Texas San Antonio

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2020

The study focuses on the period between 2005 and 2018 and tracks combustion emissions of various polluting compounds from various sectors, looking at every state in the contiguous United States, from season to season and year to year. They first obtained emissions data from each of seven sectors for the years 2005, 2011, and 2018.

MIT

MIT Pollution Emissions 2005

Study associates long-term exposure to air pollution with increasing emphysema

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 15, 2019

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants, especially O 3 (ozone), is significantly associated with increasing emphysema, according to a new study led by the University of Washington, Columbia University and the University at Buffalo. The annual averages of ozone levels in study areas were between about 10 and 25 ppb.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Washington Universal

Latest GHG Inventory shows California remains below 2020 emissions target; much steeper rate of GHG reductions required

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2020

The California Air Resources Board released GHG emissions data for 2018 showing that emissions remain below 1990 levels but are effectively flat compared to 2017, while the economy grew by 4.3%. Total statewide 2018 GHG emissions were 425.3 million metric tons between 2017 and 2018, the first such decline since 2013.

2020

2020 California Emissions 2018

Study finds propane school buses significantly decrease NOx emissions compared to diesel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2019

The study was conducted in 2018 by West Virginia University’s Center of Alternatives Fuels, Engines, and Emissions (CAFEE). West Virginia University’s Center for Alternative Fuels Engines and Emissions (CAFEE) completed two types of tests at different times of the year during 2018 on four Blue Bird school buses.

West Virginia

West Virginia Diesel Emissions Virginia

International study finds air pollution leads to millions of hospital visits for asthma attacks worldwide

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2018

Air pollution—specifically PM 2.5 , ozone and NO 2 —could be to blame for up to 33 million emergency asthma attack visits to hospital a year, according to a new open-access study published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives. 37% and 73% of ozone and PM 2.5 37% and 73% of ozone and PM 2.5

Pollution

Pollution Ozone International Aura

Study finds US air pollution deaths nearly halved between 1990 and 2010

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2018

and ozone from a 21-year computer simulation of air pollution across the US. and ozone to the geographical areas in which people live and the causes of death in those areas, using data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, to estimate deaths from air pollution during the period. Hogrefe, C., Roselle, S. and Wong, D.

Pollution

Pollution 2010 Ozone North Carolina

PM2.5, O3 pollution associated with development of Alzheimer’s disease; new study identifies evolving axonal damage

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2018

and ozone at or above the current standards have been linked to neuroinflammation and high risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). suggesting long-term exposure to PM 2.5 , as well as ozone above the current US EPA standards, are associated with increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Exposures to concentrations of PM 2.5 g/m 3 in PM 2.5

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Mexico Montana

California introduces first-in-nation rules to reduce climate “super pollutants” from commercial refrigeration, air conditioning equipment

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 14, 2020

HFCs are synthetic gases that are used in a variety of applications, but mainly to replace ozone-depleting substances in aerosols, foams, refrigeration and air-conditioning. Prior to 2018, California was the only state that regulated HFCs. CARB estimates the regulations will achieve annual reductions by approximately 3.2

Pollution

Pollution California Commercial Climate

EPA issues ANPR on Clean Trucks Initiative, seeking input from public and stakeholders

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 7, 2020

However, 100 million people live in areas of nonattainment for ozone and particulate matter (PM), and according to EPA estimates, heavy-duty vehicles will continue to be one of the largest contributors to NO x emissions—a precursor of ozone and PM formation—from the transportation sector in 2025.

EPA

EPA Ozone Clean Cleaning

Study provides more insight into air pollution mechanisms that cause cardiovascular diseases

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2018

course, fine, ultrafine particles) and gaseous pollutants such as ozone, on vascular function. Key research questions focused on components of air pollution (particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide) that are particularly damaging to the cardiovascular system and mechanisms that damage the vessels.

Pollution

Pollution Insight Ozone Cleveland

Study finds global emissions of ethane and propane underestimated by more than 50%

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2018

When ethane and propane—the most abundant non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) in the atmosphere—mix with nitrogen oxides from vehicles and power plants they form tropospheric ozone—a key component of smog and directly linked to increases in mortality. —Professor Ally Lewis, a co-author of the study. Read, Lucy J.

Emissions

Emissions Global Ozone 2011

CU Boulder study: routine household activities generate air quality on par with major polluted city

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 18, 2019

Furthermore, airborne chemicals that originate inside a house don’t stay there: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from products such as shampoo, perfume and cleaning solutions eventually escape outside and contribute to ozone and fine particle formation, making up an even greater source of global atmospheric air pollution than cars and trucks do.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Clean Cleaning

HEI: 95%+ of world’s population live in areas of unhealthy air

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2018

Air pollution is the leading environmental cause of death worldwide according to the State of Global Air 2018 , the annual report and interactive website published by the Health Effects Institute (HEI). State of Global Air 2018. Population-weighted seasonal average ozone concentrations in 2016. State of Global Air 2018.

Pollution

Pollution Coal 2016 India

EPA, NHTSA issue One National Program Rule; EPA withdraws CA waiver for GHG and fuel economy

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 19, 2019

The action finalizes parts of the SAFE Vehicles Rule that was first proposed on 2 August 2018. The California waiver authority exists because California has uniquely difficult problems with ozone-forming pollutants. Earlier post.)

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy EPA Economy Fuel

PSI team provides first direct proof of ongoing chemical reactions in particulates

Green Car Congress

MARCH 14, 2020

pinene into the chamber and caused the compound to react with ozone. During the winter of 2018/19 and the summer of 2019, PSI researchers used it to investigate aerosols in the air in Zurich. For this they used the PSI smog chamber, in which processes in the atmosphere can be simulated. The researchers injected a droplet of ?-pinene

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Switzerland Emissions

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2020

Now, an international team of researchers have shown, in an open-access paper published in the journal Nature Communications , that concentrations were increasing at an all-time record by 2018. When we saw the reports of enormous emissions reductions from India and China, we were excited to take a close look at the atmospheric data.

Emissions

Emissions India Ozone 2017

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2018

They found that levels of pollutants that can contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, or smog, have failed to continue a fairly steady decline as estimated by the US Environmental Protection Agency. These results show that meeting future air quality standards for ozone pollution will be more challenging than previously thought.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA

EPA proposes retaining current NAAQS for particulate matter

Green Car Congress

APRIL 15, 2020

concentrations in the US fell by 39% between 2000 and 2018 while average PM 10 concentrations fell by 31% during the same period. EPA is proposing that the current secondary standards are adequate to protect against PM-related visibility impairment, climate effects, and effects on materials. Average PM 2.5

EPA

EPA Standards Ozone Pollution

HALO research aircraft measuring the emissions of megacities in EmeRGe project

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2018

From 10 March to 9 April 2018, the German Aerospace Centre (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt; DLR) is conducting research flights from Tainan in Taiwan more closely to examine the spread and transformation of emissions from major cities such as Manila, Taipei, Seoul, Tokyo, Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou.

Emissions

Emissions Taiwan Asia Ozone

Study: consumer products overtake transportation as largest source of VOCs air pollution in cities

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 16, 2018

The results, published in an open-access paper in the journal Science , suggest that the focus of efforts to mitigate ozone formation and toxic chemical burdens need to be adjusted, the authors suggested. Total VOC emission factors for end uses of petrochemical sources in the study. 1A) and sales data of volatile chemical products.

Pollution

Pollution Transportation Production Los Angeles

California ARB moves forward with climate and air quality actions

Green Car Congress

MARCH 24, 2017

Approximately 70% of the reductions needed to meet the ozone standard in the South Coast in 2031 would come from existing or proposed regulatory actions. SB 1383 also provides general guidance for regulation of short-lived climate pollutants and requires the Board to complete and approve a plan by 1 January 2018.

Climate

Climate California Ozone Pollution

Study finds damage due to premature mortality from PM2.5 decreased >20% from 2008 to 2014

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 7, 2019

GED (in $2018) attributable to economic sectors and their respective precursor pollutants (NH 3 , NO x , primary PM 2.5 , SO 2 , and VOCs). We do not include damages from morbidity or other pollutants such as exposure to nitrogen oxides (NO x ) or ozone. GED was calculated for the 3 most recent NEI years: 2008, 2011, and 2014.

2008

2008 2014 Pollution Economy

German-Chilean consortium investigating new ways of reducing arsenic in copper concentrates: ReAK

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 3, 2022

Fraunhofer IWKS launched a first project in 2018, which brought together a consortium of numerous German and Chilean partners from both research and industry. Other project partners are also evaluating UV- and ozone-assisted as well as microbial oxidation processes. —Anna-Lisa Bachmann.

Chile

Chile Ozone Climate Change Water

USC study finds particulate matter in air pollution affects thyroid development in fetuses

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 19, 2018

They did not see the same increases associated with other air pollutants, such as ozone or nitrogen dioxide. 2018) “Association of Prenatal Exposure to Ambient and Traffic-Related Air Pollution With Newborn Thyroid Function. Exposures during months three to seven of pregnancy were most significant for PM 2.5. Howe, Sandrah P.

Pollution

Pollution Los Angeles California Ozone

UC Berkeley study confirms that yes, EVs do what they promise to do

Baua Electric

APRIL 5, 2024

Researchers from the University of California, Berkeley , found that between 2018 and 2022, CO2 emission from all sources (industries, homes, traffic) across the San Francisco Bay Area dropped around 1.8% Not that these numbers will blow you away, mind you, but still, it’s good news.

San Francisco

San Francisco Rhode Island CO2 San Jose

Tohoku team finds swirling ammonia in combustion chambers can help reduce NO emissions

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2018

Nitric oxide is known to be harmful to human health, contributes to ozone depletion, and when it reacts with other compounds, contributes to acid rain and atmospheric warming.

Emissions

Emissions Hydrogen Fuel Global

EPA and DOT issue final Phase 2 GHG and fuel efficiency rulemaking for medium- and heavy-duty trucks

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 16, 2016

For example, when the standards are fully phased in, tractors in a tractor-trailer will achieve up to 25% lower CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption than an equivalent tractor in 2018. California to keep pushing for more stringent regulations. The California Air Resources Board (CARB) announced its support for the new Phase 2 MDHD rulemaking.

EPA

EPA Fuel Standards Emissions

Study associates ozone exposure at birth to increased risk of developing asthma

Green Car Congress

MAY 21, 2018

A long-term study of the health of Canadian children has found that exposure to ozone (O 3 ) at birth was associated with an 82% increased risk of developing asthma by age three. An 82% higher risk of developing asthma was associated with each 10 parts per billion, or ppb increase in exposure to ozone at birth. Resources.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution San Diego Canada

Calif. ARB releases GHG scoping plan update; more ZEVs, “LEV IV”, MD and HD regulations; ZEV for trucks; more LCFS

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2014

Many of the strategies employed to reduce GHG emissions will also work to meet the national ambient air quality standard for ozone in 2032. However, to achieve the needed transportation GHG reductions and the corresponding 2032 ozone standards, the market uptake of advanced technologies will need to be accelerated.

Transportation

Transportation Emissions California Ozone

Large-scale study finds air pollution increases ER visits for breathing problems; rate depends on age, pollutant and lung disease

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 18, 2019

As levels of ozone and fine particulate pollution (PM 2.5 ) rise, more patients end up in the ER with breathing problems, according to the largest US study of air pollution and respiratory emergency room visits of patients of all ages. In “Age-specific Associations of Ozone and PM 2.5 among children, 5.1% among adults under 65 and 3.3%

Pollution

Pollution Ozone MPH 2018

The New Supersonic Boom

Cars That Think

AUGUST 16, 2021

Meanwhile, environmentalists were voicing concern—about how noisy such aircraft are taking off, about the possibility that their high-altitude emissions would erode the ozone layer, and about how disruptive the sonic booms would be. The last of these issues was perhaps the most vexing, prompting the U.S.

Oklahoma City

Oklahoma City Ozone Oklahoma Fuel

California Air Resources Board posts revised draft of strategy to reduce “Super Pollutants”

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2016

Also, Senate Bill 605 (Lara, 2014) requires ARB to develop a plan to reduce emissions of SLCPs, while SB 1383 requires the Board to complete and approve the plan by 1 January 2018. The SLCP Strategy is due to come before the Board for consideration in March 2017.

Pollution

Pollution California Emissions Climate

OptiFuel finalizing $2.6M DOE grant to demonstrate RNG hybrid line-haul locomotive

Green Car Congress

JULY 24, 2020

The rail sector is the only transportation modality without significant emissions related development that is feasible in the near-term to eliminate ozone, smog and GHG emissions, OptiFuel says. In 2018, Class I, II, and III railroads purchased 4.7 g/bhp-hr of NOx, a reduction of 400 times.

Grant

Grant Hybrid Ozone EPA

COVID-19 Forced Us All to Experiment. What Have We Learned?

Cars That Think

JULY 20, 2021

Since this legislation was introduced, a number of companies have faced heavy fines, including British Airways, which in 2018 was fined £183 million for poor security arrangements following a cyberattack. One example where this strategy has been successfully employed is the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer.

Chad

Chad London Iceland Ozone

Harvard/Nanjing study: China’s war on PM2.5 pollution is causing more severe ozone pollution

Study explores mechanisms of effects of personal ozone exposure on blood pressure and vascular endothelial function

Study: ozone levels higher across China than in other countries tracking the air pollutant

TOAR shows present-day global ozone distribution and trends relevant to health; public database

CSIRO study finds ozone uptake in oceans much lower than previously thought

Study suggests air pollution may be linked to heightened mouth cancer risk; PM2.5 and ozone

Study finds rising emissions of ozone-depleting CFC-11, banned by Montreal Protocol

Duke/York study finds long-term exposure to ozone has significant impacts on human health, but lower than prior modeling results

Study: 2/3 of aviation climate impact due to emissions other than CO2

Texas study finds PHEV use could increase ozone at night, decrease ozone during the day

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

Study associates long-term exposure to air pollution with increasing emphysema

Latest GHG Inventory shows California remains below 2020 emissions target; much steeper rate of GHG reductions required

Study finds propane school buses significantly decrease NOx emissions compared to diesel

International study finds air pollution leads to millions of hospital visits for asthma attacks worldwide

Study finds US air pollution deaths nearly halved between 1990 and 2010

PM2.5, O3 pollution associated with development of Alzheimer’s disease; new study identifies evolving axonal damage

California introduces first-in-nation rules to reduce climate “super pollutants” from commercial refrigeration, air conditioning equipment

EPA issues ANPR on Clean Trucks Initiative, seeking input from public and stakeholders

Study provides more insight into air pollution mechanisms that cause cardiovascular diseases

Study finds global emissions of ethane and propane underestimated by more than 50%

CU Boulder study: routine household activities generate air quality on par with major polluted city

HEI: 95%+ of world’s population live in areas of unhealthy air

EPA, NHTSA issue One National Program Rule; EPA withdraws CA waiver for GHG and fuel economy

PSI team provides first direct proof of ongoing chemical reactions in particulates

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

EPA proposes retaining current NAAQS for particulate matter

HALO research aircraft measuring the emissions of megacities in EmeRGe project

Study: consumer products overtake transportation as largest source of VOCs air pollution in cities

California ARB moves forward with climate and air quality actions

Study finds damage due to premature mortality from PM2.5 decreased >20% from 2008 to 2014

German-Chilean consortium investigating new ways of reducing arsenic in copper concentrates: ReAK

USC study finds particulate matter in air pollution affects thyroid development in fetuses

UC Berkeley study confirms that yes, EVs do what they promise to do

Tohoku team finds swirling ammonia in combustion chambers can help reduce NO emissions

EPA and DOT issue final Phase 2 GHG and fuel efficiency rulemaking for medium- and heavy-duty trucks

Study associates ozone exposure at birth to increased risk of developing asthma

Calif. ARB releases GHG scoping plan update; more ZEVs, “LEV IV”, MD and HD regulations; ZEV for trucks; more LCFS

Large-scale study finds air pollution increases ER visits for breathing problems; rate depends on age, pollutant and lung disease

The New Supersonic Boom

California Air Resources Board posts revised draft of strategy to reduce “Super Pollutants”

OptiFuel finalizing $2.6M DOE grant to demonstrate RNG hybrid line-haul locomotive

COVID-19 Forced Us All to Experiment. What Have We Learned?

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