Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

MPG ghg (0.05 L/100 km) for a BEV; on the other extreme are Botswana and Gibraltar (which generate 100% of their electricity from coal and oil), each with 29.0 MPG ghg (8.1 MPG ghg (4.2 MPG ghg (4.2 MPG ghg (4.6 MPG ghg (5.9 Color-coded world map of MPG-equivalent values (MPG ghg ) for BEVs.

Emissions 150

Emissions Albania Botswana MPG 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 7, 2011

The current vehicle footprint-based Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards create a financial incentive for automakers to increase vehicle size, except under certain limited conditions of consumer preference for vehicle size, according to a study by University of Michigan researchers Kate Whitefoot and Steven Skerlos.

Standards 240

Standards Fuel Economy Vehicles Economy 240

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 20, 2009

Among medium- and heavy-trucks, Class 8 trucks are the largest CO 2 emitters and fuel users, consuming two-thirds of all truck fuel, or 1.57 Current fuel economy for Class 8 trucks is estimated by the US Department of Energy at 6.0 mpg and projected to rise modestly to 6.8 mpg by 2025 (EIA, 2009).

2017 281

2017 Fuel T600 Diesel 281

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2013

The rising fuel economy of LDVs more than offsets the modest growth in VMT, resulting in a 25% decline in LDV energy consumption decline between 2012 and 2040 in the AEO2014 Reference case. Natural gas overtakes coal as the largest fuel for US electricity generation. from 2012 to 2040, compared to 1.2% per year, from 21.5

Oil 290

Oil Light Energy Vehicles 290

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2015

The United States transitions from being a net importer of natural gas to a net exporter by 2017 in all cases. US natural gas net export growth continues after 2017, with annual net exports in 2040 ranging from 3.0 quadrillion Btu in 2040, as increases in fuel economy more than offset increases in LDV travel. mpg in 2040.

2020 150

2020 Energy Transportation Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2012

quadrillion Btu in 2025, due to incorporation of the model year 2017 to 2025 GHG and CAFE standards for LDVs. quadrillion Btu in 2035, as a result of fuel economy improvements achieved through stock turnover as older, less efficient vehicles are replaced by newer, more fuel-efficient vehicles. mpg in 2025.

Fuel 225

Fuel Energy Sale 2013 225