2015 and Ozone - EV Driven

EPA initiates new review of the Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2023

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced a new review of the Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). EPA established the current standards at a level of 70 parts per billion in 2015 and retained them in 2020, after concluding that there was little new information to suggest the need for revision.

Ozone

Ozone EPA Standards Pollution

York study: Less traffic in first UK lockdown reduced NO2 pollution but caused increase in surface ozone

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 27, 2020

Less traffic on the roads during the first COVID-19 lockdown in the UK led to a reduction in air pollution but may have caused potentially damaging surface ozone levels to rise, according to a new study led by researchers at the University of York. The problem is being created by the change in chemistry between NO x and O 3.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution 2020 2015

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

Green Car Congress

MARCH 1, 2019

and ozone deaths, associated mortality rates, and population in G20 economies in 2015. and ozone worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015, equivalent to 11.7% and ozone premature deaths in 2010 and 11.4% and ozone concentrations from transportation emissions resulted in 7.8 Transportation-attributable PM 2.5

Ozone

Ozone 2015 2010 Exhaust

UB study finds link between ambient ozone exposure, artery wall thickness

Green Car Congress

MAY 31, 2019

Long-term exposure to ambient ozone appears to accelerate arterial conditions that progress into cardiovascular disease and stroke, according to a new University at Buffalo study. The study found that chronic exposure to ozone was associated with a progression of thickening of the main artery that supplies blood to the head and neck.

Ozone

Ozone Los Angeles North Carolina New York City

Severe drought influences ozone pollution

Green Car Congress

APRIL 22, 2019

From 2011 to 2015, California experienced its worst drought on record, with a parching combination of high temperatures and low precipitation. Although ozone in the stratosphere protects the earth from ultraviolet radiation, at ground level the molecule is a harmful air pollutant to humans, animals and plants.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Fresno California

Global study links daily exposure to ozone pollution to increased risk of death

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2020

Daily exposure to ground level ozone in cities worldwide is associated with an increased risk of death, according to the largest study of its kind, published in an open-access paper in The BMJ. Ground level ozone is a highly reactive gas commonly found in urban and suburban environments, formed when pollutants react in sunlight.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Global South America

Study finds COVID-19 lockdown in China brought only slight reduction in PM2.5 and ozone

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2020

Large improvements of air quality in China during the lockdown have been widely reported, but new research shows that two pollutants harmful to human health—fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and ozone—were only slightly reduced. and ozone were only slightly reduced or barely affected.

Ozone

Ozone China Pollution 2020

EPA proposes tightening primary ozone standards to range of 65-70 ppb; final rule by October 2015

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2014

Counties where measured ozone is above proposed range of standards, based on 2011-2013 monitoring data. Earlier this year, EPA staff had recommended the further reduction of this primary ozone standard from the current 75 ppb (parts per billion) to a revised level within the range of 70 ppb to 60 ppb—and preferably below 70 ppb.

Ozone

Ozone EPA Standards 2015

China study connects ozone pollution to cardiovascular health

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2017

Exposure to ozone, long associated with impaired lung function, is also connected to health changes that can cause cardiovascular disease such as heart attack, high blood pressure and stroke, according to a new study of Chinese adults. The findings associated ozone exposure with markers of platelet activation and increased blood pressure.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Connect Connected

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America

Duke/York study finds long-term exposure to ozone has significant impacts on human health, but lower than prior modeling results

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 12, 2018

A team from Duke University in the US and University of York in the UK have utilized a novel method to estimate long-term ozone exposure and previously reported epidemiological results to quantify the health burden from long-term ozone exposure in three major regions of the world. —Seltzer et al. —Karl Seltzer.

Ozone

Ozone 2015 United States Europe

Study quantifies impact of oil and gas emissions on Denver’s ozone problem

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 12, 2016

The first peer-reviewed study to directly quantify how emissions from oil and natural gas (O&NG) activities influence summertime tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) pollution in the Colorado Front Range confirms that chemical vapors from oil and gas activities are a significant contributor to the region’s chronic ozone problem.

Ozone

Ozone Oil Gas Emissions

Study finds that unregulated VSLS efficient at influencing climate through depletion of stratospheric ozone

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2015

Although halogens released from long-lived anthropogenic substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), are the principal cause of the recent depletion of stratospheric ozone, recent observations show that very short-lived substances (VSLS), with lifetimes generally under six months, are also an important source of stratospheric halogens.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Industrial Industry

MECA emissions inventory & air quality modeling shows potential benefits of national cleaner trucks initiative at CARB limits

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2020

The modeled 2028 base year 8-hour ozone design values were found to be above the 70 ppb NAAQS for 75 monitoring locations. By 2035, 46 states will be in attainment with the 2015 ozone NAAQS of 70 ppb (only counties in California and Utah remain in nonattainment). Source: MECA. ppb in the west (San Bernardino, CA) and 4.9

Cleaner

Cleaner Ozone Emissions Atlanta

Study finds some refrigerants less damaging to ozone layer can degrade to long-lived GHG CF4

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 3, 2015

Some of the substitutes for ozone-damaging chemicals that being phased out worldwide under international agreements are themselves potent greenhouse gases and contribute to warming. Burkholder (2015) “An atmospheric photochemical source of the persistent greenhouse gas CF4” Geophysical Research Letters doi: 10.1002/2015GL066193.

Ozone

Ozone Colorado Gas Carbon

Airborne measurements show ozone-forming VOCs emissions from ethanol plant higher than government estimates

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2015

VOCs and nitrogen oxides react with sunlight to form ground-level ozone, the main component of smog. The team also observed chemical transformations of the emissions from Decatur, including formation of new particles, nitric acid, peroxyacyl nitrates, aldehydes, ozone and sulfate aerosol. —Joost de Gouw. de Gouw et al.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions Colorado Coal

UCI-led study finds California’s strict air quality regulations have helped farmers

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2020

Researchers at the University of California, Irvine and other institutions have conducted a statistical analysis of pollution exposure and yields from 1980 to 2015 on a key sector making up about 38% of the state’s total agricultural output: perennial crops such as almonds, grapes, nectarines, peaches, strawberries and walnuts.

Ozone

Ozone Davis San Diego Pollution

FCA recalls 850,000+ gasoline vehicles due to problem with catalytic converters

Green Car Congress

MARCH 14, 2019

NO x emissions in California are the most important contributor to ambient ozone and a key contributor to fine particulate matter pollution (PM 2.5 California is home to both the highest ozone levels (South Coast) and ambient particulate matter levels (San Joaquin Valley) in the United States. 2015/16: Q4 2019. 2012: Q2 2019.

Convert

Convert Gasoline Ozone Dodge

EPA proposes to include Southern Maine in the Federal Reformulated Gasoline Program

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2014

EPA is proposing , at the request of the State of Maine, to require the sale of reformulated gasoline ( RFG ) in York, Cumberland, Sagadahoc, Androscoggin, Kennebec, Knox and Lincoln counties in southern Maine starting in June 2015. The Maine legislature subsequently postponed the requirement for sale of RFG until 1 June 2015.

EPA

EPA Gasoline Ozone District of Columbia

International study finds air pollution leads to millions of hospital visits for asthma attacks worldwide

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2018

Air pollution—specifically PM 2.5 , ozone and NO 2 —could be to blame for up to 33 million emergency asthma attack visits to hospital a year, according to a new open-access study published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives. 37% and 73% of ozone and PM 2.5 37% and 73% of ozone and PM 2.5

Pollution

Pollution Ozone International Aura

PM2.5, O3 pollution associated with development of Alzheimer’s disease; new study identifies evolving axonal damage

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2018

and ozone at or above the current standards have been linked to neuroinflammation and high risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A 2015 study found a 138% risk of increase of AD per increase of 4.34 ?g/m Exposures to concentrations of PM 2.5 g/m 3 in PM 2.5

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Mexico Montana

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2020

Starting in 2015, India and China, thought to be the main emitters of HFC-23, announced ambitious plans to abate emissions in factories that produce the gas. However, levels have been soaring because it is vented to the atmosphere during the production of another chemical widely used in cooling systems in developing countries.

Emissions

Emissions India Ozone 2017

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2018

NO x emissions have not been decreasing as expected in recent years (2011–2015) when comparing top-down estimates from satellites and surface NO 2 measurements to the trends predicted from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s emission inventory data, according to a new study by an international team of researchers.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA

CARB fines Del Monte $2M for violations of OGV at Berth regulation

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 8, 2020

Through routine audits, CARB discovered that Del Monte’s chartered fleet calling at the Port of Hueneme for 2015-2016 did not meet the operational time limits for at least 50% of its visits and did not reduce its auxiliary engine power generation by 50%. These reductions decrease air pollution and the mortality rate of endangered whales.

Ozone

Ozone Fleet Mariner Pollution

Study finds propane school buses significantly decrease NOx emissions compared to diesel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2019

These findings are significant due to the fact that NO x and ozone are major non-attainment concerns for many areas across the nation. As a nonprofit research center that works extensively on emission reduction research, CAFEE also conducted research that exposed the Volkswagen emissions violations in 2015, resulting in a $14.7

West Virginia

West Virginia Diesel Emissions Virginia

New international study finds lab testing of diesel NOx emissions underestimates real-world levels by up to 50%

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2017

in collaboration with scientists at the University of York’s Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI); University of Colorado; and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, assessed 30 studies of vehicle emissions under real-world driving conditions in 11 major vehicle markets representing 80% of new diesel vehicle sales in 2015.

Diesel

Diesel International Emissions Ozone

Study: 87% of world’s population in 2013 lived in areas exceeding WHO PM2.5 guidelines

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 6, 2015

Additionally, the study found that the population-weighted mean concentrations of ozone increased globally by 8.9% An additional 217,000 deaths were attributable to long-term ozone exposure. and ozone (O 3 ). and ozone (O 3 ). Somewhat similar patterns were also evident for ozone.

2013

2013 Ozone Asia Africa

Republic Services deploying 23 CNG waste and recycling trucks in Twin Cities area

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2013

Nationwide, the company plans to have more than 3,100 trucks nationwide running on natural gas and other alternative fuels by the end of 2015. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, each new CNG solid waste and recycling truck reduces ozone-forming emissions by as much as 80% when compared to older diesel powered trucks.

Waste

Waste Ozone Alternative Fuels Fleet

Study uncovers role of longer-chain unburned hydrocarbon emissions from diesels in London air pollution; calls for regulatory shift

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 27, 2015

The study found that 60% of the winter primary hydrocarbon hydroxyl radical reactivity in London is from those diesel-related hydrocarbons; the authors predicted that the longer-chain HCs contribute up to 50 % of the ozone production potential in London. 15, 9983-9996, doi: 10.5194/acp-15-9983-2015. Hopkins, J. Lidster, R.

London

London Pollution Diesel Emissions

EPA updates VOCs standards for oil and gas storage tanks

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2013

tanks that came online before 12 April 2013 are likely to have lower emissions and must control VOC emissions by 15 April 2015. These storage tanks can be sources of emissions of ozone-forming VOCs, along with several toxic air pollutants, including benzene. EPA is continuing to evaluate other issues raised in those petitions.)

EPA

EPA Oil Standards Gas

EEA report finds most Europeans in cities still exposed to levels of air pollution exceeding WHO guidelines

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 18, 2019

20 % of stations registered concentrations above the EU ozone (O 3 ) target value for the protection of human health. Poor air quality continues to damage Europeans’ health, especially in urban areas, with particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and ground-level ozone (0 3 ) causing the largest harm.

Pollution

Pollution Estonia Ozone 2017

ARB releases proposed cap-and-trade regulation for comment; transportation fuels impacted in 2015

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2010

The program will expand in 2015 to include fuel distributors to address emissions from combustion of transportation fuels and combustion of natural gas and propane at sources not covered in the first phase of the program. Offset Protocols.

2015

2015 Transportation Fuel Emissions

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2019

The study, based on data from 2010 to 2015, estimates that 64% of these new cases of asthma occur in urban areas. NO 2 is just one component of air pollution, which is made up of many pollutants (including particulate matter, ozone, carbon monoxide), which are known to have numerous adverse effects on health.

Pollution

Pollution United Arab Emirates South Korea Las Vegas

California ARB releases concept paper for public review on reducing short-lived climate pollutants

Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2015

Short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) include methane, tropospheric ozone, black carbon, and fluorinated gases. Senate Bill 605 (Lara, Chapter 523, Statutes of 2014) requires ARB, in coordination with other state agencies and local air districts, to develop a SLCP Strategy by the end of 2015, to further reduce SLCP emissions in California.

Pollution

Pollution Climate Concept California

EPRI-NRDC report finds widespread vehicle electrification and a cleaner grid could lead to substantial cuts in GHG by 2050

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2015

As with the earlier assessment, this study consists of two separate, but related, analyses: greenhouse gas emissions from 2015-2050, and air quality impacts in 2030. In the Lower GHG scenario, in 2050, total emissions for the electricity and transportation sectors could be reduced by 2610 million metric tons relative to 2015 levels.

EPRI

EPRI Cleaner Grid Vehicles

Study: air pollution causes 800,000 extra deaths a year in Europe and 8.8 million worldwide

Green Car Congress

MARCH 12, 2019

Using a new method of modeling the effects of various sources of outdoor air pollution on death rates, the researchers found that it caused an estimated 790,000 extra deaths in the whole of Europe in 2015 and 659,000 deaths in the 28 Member States of the European Union (EU-28). million deaths in 2015. They focused particularly on PM 2.5

Pollution

Pollution Europe Cyprus Bulgaria

WMO reports GHG concentrations at highest in 800K years

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 31, 2017

ppm in 2015 because of a combination of human activities and a strong El Niño event. increase from 2015 to 2016 alone, according to figures from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration quoted in the bulletin. ppm in 2015. Globally averaged concentrations of CO 2 reached 403.3 This record annual increase of 3.3

2016

2016 Climate Climate Change 2015

BASF introduces EvapTrap automotive hydrocarbon trap for LEV III evaporative emissions compliance without backpressure increase

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2014

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) has adopted new LEV III emissions regulations which go into effect in 2015, requiring automakers to further reduce evaporative emissions. This patented technology is applied directly onto the surface of a vehicle’s air intake box to adsorb engine hydrocarbons without increasing backpressure.

Emissions

Emissions Fuel Economy Ozone Conversion

Study warns on possible air pollution link to neuroinflammatory, Alzheimer and Parkinson’s pathologies in megacity children

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 12, 2014

In the US, 200 million people live in areas where pollutants such as ozone and fine particulate matter exceed the standards. The full article is scheduled to be published in Volume 43, Issue 3 of the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease and will appear online in December with a 2015 copyright. Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas et al.

Pollution

Pollution Mexico Los Angeles New York City

HEI: 95%+ of world’s population live in areas of unhealthy air

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2018

Ozone, another important component of outdoor air pollution, whose levels are on the rise around the world, contributed to 234,000 deaths from chronic lung disease. Population-weighted seasonal average ozone concentrations in 2016. Worldwide exposure to PM 2.5 contributed to 4.1 State of Global Air 2018.

Pollution

Pollution Coal 2016 India

Toyota to pioneer use of biosynthetic rubber in engine and drive system hoses

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2016

Since epichlorohydrin offers exceptional oil resistance, heat resistance, heat aging resistance, ozone resistance, and gas permeability, it is currently commonly used as a key compound in the production of rubber for components such as hoses. Engine and drive system hoses require a particularly high level of oil and heat resistance.

Toyota

Toyota Engine Ozone Automobile Manufacturer

California ARB announces $24M grant solicitation for zero-emission truck and bus pilot commercial deployment projects

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 2, 2015

microns or less (PM 2.5 ); and NO x emissions that lead to ozone and secondary PM. ARB will hold an applicant teleconference to answer questions regarding this Grant Solicitation on 21 October 2015. Statewide, they are responsible for 35% of the NO x emissions, 26% of the PM 2.5 emissions, and 5% of GHG emissions.

Grant

Grant Commercial California Emissions

Air pollution could claim 6.6 million lives per year by 2050, double current rate; small domestic fires and ag the worst offenders

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 17, 2015

In the EU exposure to fine particles and ozone claims 180,000 lives a year, including 35,000 in Germany. According to epidemiological studies, fine particulate matter leads to cerebrovascular, heart and pulmonary diseases and lung cancer, while ozone tends to cause pulmonary conditions such as chronic cough and shortness of breath.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Saudi Arabia Asia

GISS study finds applying stricter non-CO2 vehicle emission standards worldwide would yield climate benefits in addition to major health and agricultural benefits

Green Car Congress

APRIL 4, 2011

used global composition-climate modelling to examine the integrated impacts of adopting stringent European on-road vehicle-emission standards for non-CO 2 pollutants in 2015 in many developing countries. million metric tons of avoided ozone-related yield losses of major food crops; $US0.6-2.4 Shindell et al.

Climate

Climate Standards Emissions Climate Change

EPA initiates new review of the Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards

York study: Less traffic in first UK lockdown reduced NO2 pollution but caused increase in surface ozone

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

UB study finds link between ambient ozone exposure, artery wall thickness

Severe drought influences ozone pollution

Global study links daily exposure to ozone pollution to increased risk of death

Study finds COVID-19 lockdown in China brought only slight reduction in PM2.5 and ozone

EPA proposes tightening primary ozone standards to range of 65-70 ppb; final rule by October 2015

China study connects ozone pollution to cardiovascular health

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Duke/York study finds long-term exposure to ozone has significant impacts on human health, but lower than prior modeling results

Study quantifies impact of oil and gas emissions on Denver’s ozone problem

Study finds that unregulated VSLS efficient at influencing climate through depletion of stratospheric ozone

MECA emissions inventory & air quality modeling shows potential benefits of national cleaner trucks initiative at CARB limits

Study finds some refrigerants less damaging to ozone layer can degrade to long-lived GHG CF4

Airborne measurements show ozone-forming VOCs emissions from ethanol plant higher than government estimates

UCI-led study finds California’s strict air quality regulations have helped farmers

FCA recalls 850,000+ gasoline vehicles due to problem with catalytic converters

EPA proposes to include Southern Maine in the Federal Reformulated Gasoline Program

International study finds air pollution leads to millions of hospital visits for asthma attacks worldwide

PM2.5, O3 pollution associated with development of Alzheimer’s disease; new study identifies evolving axonal damage

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

CARB fines Del Monte $2M for violations of OGV at Berth regulation

Study finds propane school buses significantly decrease NOx emissions compared to diesel

New international study finds lab testing of diesel NOx emissions underestimates real-world levels by up to 50%

Study: 87% of world’s population in 2013 lived in areas exceeding WHO PM2.5 guidelines

Republic Services deploying 23 CNG waste and recycling trucks in Twin Cities area

Study uncovers role of longer-chain unburned hydrocarbon emissions from diesels in London air pollution; calls for regulatory shift

EPA updates VOCs standards for oil and gas storage tanks

EEA report finds most Europeans in cities still exposed to levels of air pollution exceeding WHO guidelines

ARB releases proposed cap-and-trade regulation for comment; transportation fuels impacted in 2015

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

California ARB releases concept paper for public review on reducing short-lived climate pollutants

EPRI-NRDC report finds widespread vehicle electrification and a cleaner grid could lead to substantial cuts in GHG by 2050

Study: air pollution causes 800,000 extra deaths a year in Europe and 8.8 million worldwide

WMO reports GHG concentrations at highest in 800K years

BASF introduces EvapTrap automotive hydrocarbon trap for LEV III evaporative emissions compliance without backpressure increase

Study warns on possible air pollution link to neuroinflammatory, Alzheimer and Parkinson’s pathologies in megacity children

HEI: 95%+ of world’s population live in areas of unhealthy air

Toyota to pioneer use of biosynthetic rubber in engine and drive system hoses

California ARB announces $24M grant solicitation for zero-emission truck and bus pilot commercial deployment projects

Air pollution could claim 6.6 million lives per year by 2050, double current rate; small domestic fires and ag the worst offenders

GISS study finds applying stricter non-CO2 vehicle emission standards worldwide would yield climate benefits in addition to major health and agricultural benefits

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