2017 and Ozone - EV Driven

Studies find global COVID-19 lockdowns have significantly reduced PM2.5 and NO2 pollution, but ozone up

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2020

Levels of two major air pollutants have been reduced significantly since lockdowns began in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, but a secondary pollutant—ground-level ozone—has increased in China, according to new research. Ozone is harmful to humans at ground-level, causing pulmonary and heart disease. —Guy Brasseur.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Global Iran

Harvard/Nanjing study: China’s war on PM2.5 pollution is causing more severe ozone pollution

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 3, 2019

pollution is falling, harmful ground-level ozone pollution is on the rise, especially in large cities. Ozone is the main ingredient in smog and has been studied since it began choking cities in the US in the early 1950s. There was so much particulate matter in Chinese cities that it stunted the ozone production. Ke Li, Daniel J.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution China Chinese

Study: ozone levels higher across China than in other countries tracking the air pollutant

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2018

In China, people breathe ozone-laden air two to six times more often than people in the United States, Europe, Japan, or South Korea, according to a new international study published in Environmental Science & Technology Letters. 2017 for one ozone metric. 2017 are included.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution China South Korea

CSIRO study finds ozone uptake in oceans much lower than previously thought

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2019

CSIRO scientists have developed a new way to account for ozone in computer simulations of the climate. This latest modeling shows that the oceans take much less ozone out of the atmosphere than previously thought. Ozone (O 3 ) is formed by reactions of chemicals such as nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds—i.e.,

Ozone

Ozone Climate Global Water

China study connects ozone pollution to cardiovascular health

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2017

Exposure to ozone, long associated with impaired lung function, is also connected to health changes that can cause cardiovascular disease such as heart attack, high blood pressure and stroke, according to a new study of Chinese adults. The findings associated ozone exposure with markers of platelet activation and increased blood pressure.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Connect Connected

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

Green Car Congress

MARCH 1, 2019

and ozone deaths, associated mortality rates, and population in G20 economies in 2015. and ozone worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015, equivalent to 11.7% and ozone premature deaths in 2010 and 11.4% and ozone concentrations from transportation emissions resulted in 7.8 Transportation-attributable PM 2.5 Together, PM 2.5

Ozone

Ozone 2015 2010 Exhaust

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America

California 2017 GHG inventory shows 1.2% total drop from 2016; transportation sector emissions up 1%

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2019

In 2017, emissions from GHG emitting activities statewide were 424 million metric tons of CO 2 equivalent (MMTCO 2 e), 5 MMTCO 2 e lower than 2016 levels and 7 MMTCO 2 e below the 2020 GHG Limit of 431 MMTCO 2 e. Changes in emissions by Scoping Plan sector between 2000 and 2017. MMTCO 2 e (6%) from 2013 to 2017. Source: ARB.

2017

2017 2016 Transportation Emissions

HEI report finds current levels of air pollution have reduced life expectancy by 1.67 years on average worldwide

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2019

This year’s report includes the latest results on air pollution exposure and its health burden around the world based on the 2017 GBD (Global Burden of Disease) study. Numbers of deaths attributable to air pollution in countries around the world in 2017. and tropospheric ozone. years) on average worldwide. Ambient PM 2.5

Pollution

Pollution Ozone 2017 2019

Study of 60M US seniors strengthens link between air pollution and premature death

Green Car Congress

JUNE 29, 2017

and of 10 ppb in ozone were associated with increases in all-cause mortality of 7.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.1 of less than 12 μg per cubic meter and ozone of less than 50 ppb, the same increases in PM 2.5 and ozone were associated with increases in the risk of death of 13.6% (95% CI, 13.1 and 1.1% (95% CI, 1.0

Pollution

Pollution Ozone United States Personal

Study finds that current approach to limiting wintertime pollution may initially backfire

Green Car Congress

MAY 10, 2019

The processes that create ozone pollution in the summer can also trigger the formation of wintertime air pollution, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder and NOAA, in partnership with the University of Utah. To combat wintertime PM 2.5

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Utah Denver

EEA report finds most Europeans in cities still exposed to levels of air pollution exceeding WHO guidelines

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 18, 2019

The new EEA analysis is based on the latest official air quality data from more than 4,000 monitoring stations across Europe in 2017. Among the findings: Concentrations of particulate matter (PM) continued to exceed the EU limit values and the WHO AQGs in large parts of Europe in 2017. For PM with a diameter of 10 ?m

Pollution

Pollution Estonia Ozone 2017

Latest GHG Inventory shows California remains below 2020 emissions target; much steeper rate of GHG reductions required

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2020

The California Air Resources Board released GHG emissions data for 2018 showing that emissions remain below 1990 levels but are effectively flat compared to 2017, while the economy grew by 4.3%. million metric tons in 2017. million metric tons between 2017 and 2018, the first such decline since 2013. tons per person to 10.7

2020

2020 California Emissions 2018

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2020

Despite reports that global emissions of the potent greenhouse gas, HFC-23, were almost eliminated in 2017, an international team of scientists, led by the University of Bristol, has found atmospheric levels growing at record values. As a result, they reported that they had almost completely eliminated HFC-23 emissions by 2017.

Emissions

Emissions India Ozone 2017

EPA issues ANPR on Clean Trucks Initiative, seeking input from public and stakeholders

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 7, 2020

From 2007 to 2017, US NO x emissions dropped by more than 40%. The ANPR provides an opportunity for comment on the extent to which EPA should adopt provisions similar to those expected in the CARB Omnibus proposal.

EPA

EPA Ozone Clean Cleaning

Growth Energy estimates 2,800 retail sites in US to offer E15 by 2021; 350M new ethanol gallons annually

Green Car Congress

JUNE 21, 2018

Added three major new retailers to the program in 2017, including a game-changing partnership with Kwik Trip which successfully rolled out E15 at 300 sites in just four months. Secured commitments of more than 2,800 retail sites that will offer E15 by 2021 generating approximately 350 million new ethanol gallons annually.

Ozone

Ozone Congress Energy EPA

CARB fines Del Monte $2M for violations of OGV at Berth regulation

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 8, 2020

In addition, their 2017-2019 chartered fleet visiting the same port did not meet the operational time limits for at least 70% of its visits and did not reduce its auxiliary engine power generation by 70%. These reductions decrease air pollution and the mortality rate of endangered whales.

Ozone

Ozone Fleet Mariner Pollution

EPA launches Cleaner Trucks Initiative to update NOx standards for heavy-duty trucks

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 14, 2018

From 2007 to 2017, US NO x emissions dropped by more than 40%. EPA expects that any update to the standards will result in significant mobile source NO x reductions, which will aid communities across the country in the attainment of ozone and particulate matter standards. —Acting EPA Administrator Andrew Wheeler.

EPA

EPA Cleaner Standards 2001

Large scale epidemiological study associates PM2.5, NO2 pollution with kidney, bladder and colorectal cancer death

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 31, 2017

The scientific team examined associations of mortality from cancer at 29 sites with long-term residential exposure to three ambient pollutants: PM 2.5 , nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and ozone (O 3 ). More than 43,000 non-lung cancer deaths were registered among the participants. μg/m 3 increase in exposure. —Turner et al.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone 2004 2017

Tata Motors and MAHLE partner to develop a prototype Secondary Loop Mobile Air Conditioning System on a vehicle

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2017

This is in contrast to the conventional mobile AC system, where the cabin air is directly cooled by the refrigerant HFC-134a, which is ozone safe but has a high GWP. The new SL-MAC system, which is testing the low-GWP refrigerants, is expected to increase vehicle energy efficiency. Andersen, S., Chowdhury, S., Andersen, S., Chowdhury, S.,

Motor

Motor Motors Motoring Vehicles

New international study finds lab testing of diesel NOx emissions underestimates real-world levels by up to 50%

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2017

Daven Henze, an associate professor of mechanical engineering at CU Boulder, used computer modeling and NASA satellite data to simulate how particulate matter and ozone levels are, and will be, impacted by excess NOx levels in specific locations. —Josh Miller, researcher at the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT).

Diesel

Diesel International Emissions Ozone

São Paulo study finds concentration of ultrafine particulates rose by 1/3 in switch from ethanol to gasoline

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2017

In the first, they found that when fuel prices drove residents of São Paulo, Brazil, to mostly switch from ethanol to gasoline in their flexible-fuel vehicles, local ozone levels dropped 20%. Officials, Geiger said, will need to weigh the increase in ozone against the decrease in nanoparticles when ethanol is used.

Gasoline

Gasoline Singapore Brazil Ozone

HALO research aircraft measuring the emissions of megacities in EmeRGe project

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2018

The transport and transformation of plumes from selected European and Asian major population centers (MPCs) will now be investigated with special focus on the rate of formation of ozone and aerosols. In Asia, in particular, high temperatures, humidity, solar radiation and the frequency of storms play a major role.

Emissions

Emissions Taiwan Asia Ozone

Test of Planet-Cooling Scheme Could Start in 2022

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 19, 2021

Up there, 10 to 50 kilometers above the Earth’s surface, ozone molecules absorb the sun’s ultraviolet light, protecting life far below. Even less is understood about the potential risks to people and the environment—could the particles deplete the ozone layer, for example, or significantly alter the weather? about 0.6 °C.

Ozone

Ozone Solar Climate Change Climate

HEI: 95%+ of world’s population live in areas of unhealthy air

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2018

Ozone, another important component of outdoor air pollution, whose levels are on the rise around the world, contributed to 234,000 deaths from chronic lung disease. Population-weighted seasonal average ozone concentrations in 2016. Worldwide exposure to PM 2.5 contributed to 4.1 State of Global Air 2018.

Pollution

Pollution Coal 2016 India

ICCT study finds that transitioning to low-GWP MAC refrigerants in China could avoid up to US$150B in costs

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2016

These were shown to be ozone-depleting, however, and were targeted for phasing out under the 1987 Montreal Protocol. However, HFC-134a, while having zero ozone-depletion potential, has a very high global warming potential—more than 1,500 times as much warming as an equivalent amount of CO 2.

China

China Ozone Chinese United States

National Academies report finds EPA’s controlled human exposure studies of air pollution are warranted

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2017

Results from CHIE studies are used to inform the periodic review of National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for common pollutants, such as ozone and particulate matter (PM), and advise other policy decisions. The NAAQS process has broad health importance because it regulates the outdoor air concentrations of those pollutants.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone EPA San Francisco

UMD-led study finds China’s SO2 emissions down 75% since 2007, India’s up 50%; India may now be the top SO2 emitter

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2017

Two maps compare total annual sulfur dioxide amounts for India and China during 2005 (left) and 2016 based on Ozone Monitoring Instrument measurements. The researchers’ second data source was the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on NASA’s Aura satellite, which detects a variety of atmospheric pollutants including sulfur dioxide.

India

India 2007 Emissions Aura

US EPA proposing allowing high-octane, higher ethanol content fuels as part of Tier 3 regs; E30 as example

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2013

Having approval for such a high octane certification fuel would, the EPA proposed in the Tier 3 Notice of Proposed Rulemaking: help manufacturers that wish to raise compression ratios to improve vehicle efficiency, as a step toward complying with the 2017 and later light-duty greenhouse gas and CAFE standards (2017 LD GHG).

EPA

EPA Fuel Parts Gasoline

Study finds anthropogenic PM and dust undercutting global solar energy production

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2017

Percent reduction in visible solar energy due to ambient PM (plus a small contribution from ozone) (A), only dust PM deposition (B) deposition of all PM components (C), and atmospheric and deposited combined (D; note change in scale). Credit: ACS, Bergin et al. Click to enlarge. 7b00197.

Solar

Solar Energy Global Production

London and Paris launch car scoring initiative based on real-world emissions; ICCT the technical lead

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2017

Paris and London have committed to launch their data online by the end of 2017. Consumers will therefore enjoy a far more accurate understanding of how polluting that car will be when driven on urban streets. However, the ICCT notes, labeling by itself in insufficient to address the problem of diesel vehicles.

London

London Emissions The Fia Foundation Pollution

Study finds modifying urban form may be a strategy to reduce air pollution

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2017

Transportation is one of the largest contributors to urban air pollution for pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, benzene, ozone, and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ). Marshall (2017) “Does Urban Form Affect Urban NO2? As such, cities are a focal point for understanding and addressing environmental health issues.

Pollution

Pollution New Zealand Minnesota Ozone

California Air Resources Board posts revised draft of strategy to reduce “Super Pollutants”

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2016

The assessment will be completed in early 2017, and pending results of the assessment, specific HFC reduction measures may be revised accordingly. The SLCP Strategy is due to come before the Board for consideration in March 2017.

Pollution

Pollution California Emissions Climate

Calif. ARB releases GHG scoping plan update; more ZEVs, “LEV IV”, MD and HD regulations; ZEV for trucks; more LCFS

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2014

Many of the strategies employed to reduce GHG emissions will also work to meet the national ambient air quality standard for ozone in 2032. However, to achieve the needed transportation GHG reductions and the corresponding 2032 ozone standards, the market uptake of advanced technologies will need to be accelerated. Vehicle technology.

Transportation

Transportation Emissions California Ozone

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2017

As diesel fuels (including bio-diesel) could account for 70% of the growth in transportation fuels by 2040, with significant demand in Asian markets according to industry projections, a better understanding of the uncertainty in associated changes of NO x fluxes and ozone chemistry will therefore be important for future environmental impact studies.

Europe

Europe Diesel Emissions Pollution

HEI study finds no heart effects of ozone exposure in healthy older adults; lungs affected at relatively low exposures

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2017

The largest systematic study ever conducted of human volunteers exposed to ozone air pollution has found no evidence of effects on the heart in its healthy, older participants, but did find effects on the volunteers’ ability to breathe, even at low ambient levels. Possible pathways by which ozone may cause adverse health effects.

Ozone

Ozone San Francisco North Carolina Pollution

California ARB LEV III Concept Targeting Fleet-Average SULEV-Level Emissions Performance from New Vehicles by MY 2022

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2010

Regarding future Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission regulations (Pavley 2), staff is evaluating studies of the feasibility and cost of advanced technologies to reduce GHG emissions that could achieve widespread sales and acceptance in the 2017-2025 timeframe.

Emissions

Emissions Fleet California Vehicles

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

We estimate ozone and SOA formation potential. Therefore, the secondary organic aerosol and ozone formation potential of the exhaust does not depend on engine technology. Measurements include gas- and particle-phase emissions, particle number, particle size distributions, and speciated NMOG emissions. —Saliba et al. May, Greg T.

Fleet

Fleet Engine Global Fuel Economy

Study: air pollution along Utah’s Wasatch Front causes more than 200 pneumonia cases each year

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 11, 2018

Ozone exposure was modestly associated with increased instances and severity of pneumonia in younger adults. Cheryl S Pirozzi, Barbara E Jones, James A VanDerslice, Yue Zhang, Robert Paine III, and Nathan C Dean (2017) “Short-Term Air Pollution and Incident Pneumonia: A Case-Crossover Study” doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201706-495OC.

Pollution

Pollution Utah Ozone 2017

US EPA proposes to retain existing NAAQS for ozone

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2020

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to retain, without changes, the existing, more stringent 2015 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for ozone. From 2017 to 2019, ozone concentrations fell 4%. During that same time, national average ozone concentrations have dropped 25%. Background.

Ozone

Ozone EPA Pollution 2008

California Energy Commission adopts $100M investment plan for 2013-2014 for green vehicles and fuels

Green Car Congress

MAY 9, 2013

An estimated 68 stations are needed to support the anticipated rollout of these vehicles in 2015-2017. Currently, the state’s transportation sector accounts for nearly 40% of the state''s greenhouse gas emissions; more than 95% of all transportation energy consumed in California is petroleum-based.

Green Vehicles

Green Vehicles California 2014 2013

Flying first class on a single domestic round trip can contribute more greenhouse gas emissions than a year of driving

Green Car Congress

JULY 1, 2019

Furthermore, myclimate accounts for other warming effects of aircraft emissions (through changes in the ozone layer, initiation of contrails, formation of cirrus clouds, etc.) by adding an amount that corresponds to the direct portion of emissions. (A A documentation for the myclimate calculator includes other aspects of the method used.).

Emissions

Emissions Los Angeles Gas San Francisco

Studies find global COVID-19 lockdowns have significantly reduced PM2.5 and NO2 pollution, but ozone up

Harvard/Nanjing study: China’s war on PM2.5 pollution is causing more severe ozone pollution

Study: ozone levels higher across China than in other countries tracking the air pollutant

CSIRO study finds ozone uptake in oceans much lower than previously thought

China study connects ozone pollution to cardiovascular health

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

California 2017 GHG inventory shows 1.2% total drop from 2016; transportation sector emissions up 1%

HEI report finds current levels of air pollution have reduced life expectancy by 1.67 years on average worldwide

Study of 60M US seniors strengthens link between air pollution and premature death

Study finds that current approach to limiting wintertime pollution may initially backfire

EEA report finds most Europeans in cities still exposed to levels of air pollution exceeding WHO guidelines

Latest GHG Inventory shows California remains below 2020 emissions target; much steeper rate of GHG reductions required

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

EPA issues ANPR on Clean Trucks Initiative, seeking input from public and stakeholders

Growth Energy estimates 2,800 retail sites in US to offer E15 by 2021; 350M new ethanol gallons annually

CARB fines Del Monte $2M for violations of OGV at Berth regulation

EPA launches Cleaner Trucks Initiative to update NOx standards for heavy-duty trucks

Large scale epidemiological study associates PM2.5, NO2 pollution with kidney, bladder and colorectal cancer death

Tata Motors and MAHLE partner to develop a prototype Secondary Loop Mobile Air Conditioning System on a vehicle

New international study finds lab testing of diesel NOx emissions underestimates real-world levels by up to 50%

São Paulo study finds concentration of ultrafine particulates rose by 1/3 in switch from ethanol to gasoline

HALO research aircraft measuring the emissions of megacities in EmeRGe project

Test of Planet-Cooling Scheme Could Start in 2022

HEI: 95%+ of world’s population live in areas of unhealthy air

ICCT study finds that transitioning to low-GWP MAC refrigerants in China could avoid up to US$150B in costs

National Academies report finds EPA’s controlled human exposure studies of air pollution are warranted

UMD-led study finds China’s SO2 emissions down 75% since 2007, India’s up 50%; India may now be the top SO2 emitter

US EPA proposing allowing high-octane, higher ethanol content fuels as part of Tier 3 regs; E30 as example

Study finds anthropogenic PM and dust undercutting global solar energy production

London and Paris launch car scoring initiative based on real-world emissions; ICCT the technical lead

Study finds modifying urban form may be a strategy to reduce air pollution

California Air Resources Board posts revised draft of strategy to reduce “Super Pollutants”

Calif. ARB releases GHG scoping plan update; more ZEVs, “LEV IV”, MD and HD regulations; ZEV for trucks; more LCFS

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

HEI study finds no heart effects of ozone exposure in healthy older adults; lungs affected at relatively low exposures

California ARB LEV III Concept Targeting Fleet-Average SULEV-Level Emissions Performance from New Vehicles by MY 2022

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Study: air pollution along Utah’s Wasatch Front causes more than 200 pneumonia cases each year

US EPA proposes to retain existing NAAQS for ozone

California Energy Commission adopts $100M investment plan for 2013-2014 for green vehicles and fuels

Flying first class on a single domestic round trip can contribute more greenhouse gas emissions than a year of driving

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